Anatomy & Physiology, Books A La Carte Edition (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321887603
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 17CYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
The three ways by which CO2 (carbon dioxide) is transported in the blood with their approximate percentage.
Introduction:
The body cells which are in an active state produce around 200 ml (milliliters) of CO2 per minute. This needs to be removed from the body through expiration. The CO2 is transported from the tissues to the lungs by the blood. This transportation is carried out by three processes.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology, Books A La Carte Edition (5th Edition)
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 21 - Which structure seals the larynx when we swallow?Ch. 21 - Which structural features of the trachea allow it...Ch. 21 - What features of the alveoli and their respiratory...Ch. 21 - A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency...Ch. 21 - The lungs are perfused by two different...Ch. 21 - What is the driving force for pulmonary...Ch. 21 - What causes the intrapulmonary pressure to...Ch. 21 - What causes the partial vacuum (negative pressure)...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10CYU
Ch. 21 - Premature infants often lack adequate surfactant....Ch. 21 - Explain why slow, deep breaths ventilate the...Ch. 21 - You are given a sealed container of water and air....Ch. 21 - PO2 in the alveoli is about 56 mm Hg lower than in...Ch. 21 - Suppose a patient is receiving oxygen by mask. Are...Ch. 21 - Rapidly metabolizing tissues generate large...Ch. 21 - Prob. 17CYUCh. 21 - What is the relationship between CO2 and pH in the...Ch. 21 - Which brain stem respiratory area is thought to...Ch. 21 - Prob. 20CYUCh. 21 - An injured soccer player arrives by ambulance in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 21 - What distinguishes the obstruction in asthma from...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24CYUCh. 21 - Cutting the phrenic nerves will result in (a) air...Ch. 21 - Which of the following laryngeal cartilages is/are...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3RQCh. 21 - The detergent-like substance that keeps the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following determines the direction of...Ch. 21 - When the inspiratory muscles contract, (a) the...Ch. 21 - The nutrient blood supply of the lungs is provided...Ch. 21 - Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following would not normally be...Ch. 21 - Most oxygen carried in the blood is (a) in...Ch. 21 - Which of the following has the greatest...Ch. 21 - In mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13RQCh. 21 - Prob. 14RQCh. 21 - Damage to which of the following would most likely...Ch. 21 - Prob. 16RQCh. 21 - Trace the route of air from the nares to an...Ch. 21 - (a) Why is it important that the trachea is...Ch. 21 - Briefly explain the anatomical reason why most men...Ch. 21 - The lungs are mostly passageways and elastic...Ch. 21 - Describe the functional relationships between...Ch. 21 - Discuss how airway resistance, lung compliance,...Ch. 21 - (a) Differentiate clearly between minute...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24RQCh. 21 - (a) Define hyperventilation. (b) If you...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 6CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 7CCS
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- Explain what a partial pressure gradient is and how such gradients figure in gas exchange.arrow_forwardList the Causes of a Decreased Arterial PO2 (Hypoxic Hypoxia) in Disease?arrow_forwardExplain how CO interacts with the circulatory system, especially the relationship among CO, CO2, and O2 in blood cells and how exposure to CO influences normal oxygenation mechanisms. (b) Why are individuals with heart disease at greater risk when exposed to elevated CO levels? Please be detailed with response!arrow_forward
- Describe the ways in which carbon dioxide is transported in blood, including the reversible reaction that converts carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid?arrow_forwardWhen an actively metabolizing tissue produces CO2, the H+ concentration of blood increases. Explain how this happens using a chemical equation.arrow_forwardUse the Hill Equation to determine the fractional saturation of hemoglobin in equilibrium with blood that has a partial pressure of 1.9 mmHg.arrow_forward
- Describe the ways in which oxygen is transported in blood, including the reversible reaction for oxygen binding to hemoglobin?arrow_forwardDescribe the change (increases, decreases, or stays the same) for each of the following variables if an individual hyperventilates: (a) blood CO2, (b) blood H+ concentration, and (c) blood pH.arrow_forwardExplain the mechanism by which Haemoglobin maintains the acid-base balance of blood.arrow_forward
- Discuss the Respiratory quotientarrow_forwardWhich of the following will cause the largest increase in systemic arterial oxygen saturation in the blood?a. an increase in red cell concentration (hematocrit) of 20%b. breathing 100% O2 in a healthy subject at sea levelc. an increase in arterial PO2 from 40 to 60 mmHgd. hyperventilation in a healthy subject at sea levele. breathing a gas with 5% CO2, 21% O2, and 74% N2 at sea levelarrow_forwardExplain the role of hemoglobin in carrying O2, CO2, andhydrogen ions. Which is hemoglobin’s most essentialfunction?arrow_forward
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