EBK ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321888013
Author: Hoehn
Publisher: VST
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 17CYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
The three ways by which CO2 (carbon dioxide) is transported in the blood with their approximate percentage.
Introduction:
The body cells which are in an active state produce around 200 ml (milliliters) of CO2 per minute. This needs to be removed from the body through expiration. The CO2 is transported from the tissues to the lungs by the blood. This transportation is carried out by three processes.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
List the three ways CO2 is transported in blood.
What is a consequense of unusually high concentration of CO2 in the blood stream at all times?
Which of the following are TRUE, when describing the Transport of CO2 in the
body?
Select ALL that are true.
The diffusion of CO2, from metabolically active tissue, into the plasma and the
Red Blood Cell, is enhanced by the formation of Carbamino Bonds with plasma
proteins and Haemoglobin.
CO2 diffuses from metabolically active tissue, into the plasma, where it is
rapidly converted to bicarbonate (HCO3-) by he enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase.
Bicarbonate (HCO3-), formed in the Red Blood Cell, is transported into the
Plasma by the Chloride-Bicarbonate Shuttle.
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) diffuses from metabolically active tissue into the plasma,
and from the plasma into the Red Blood Cell.
CO2 diffuses from metabolically active tissue, into the plasma, and into the Red
Blood Cell, where it is rapidly converted to bicarbonate (HCO3-) by he enzyme
carbonic Anhydrase.
O At the lung, Bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the Plasma is transformed to CO2 by the
enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase, reducing the amount of…
Chapter 21 Solutions
EBK ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 21 - Which structure seals the larynx when we swallow?Ch. 21 - Which structural features of the trachea allow it...Ch. 21 - What features of the alveoli and their respiratory...Ch. 21 - A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency...Ch. 21 - The lungs are perfused by two different...Ch. 21 - What is the driving force for pulmonary...Ch. 21 - What causes the intrapulmonary pressure to...Ch. 21 - What causes the partial vacuum (negative pressure)...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10CYU
Ch. 21 - Premature infants often lack adequate surfactant....Ch. 21 - Explain why slow, deep breaths ventilate the...Ch. 21 - You are given a sealed container of water and air....Ch. 21 - PO2 in the alveoli is about 56 mm Hg lower than in...Ch. 21 - Suppose a patient is receiving oxygen by mask. Are...Ch. 21 - Rapidly metabolizing tissues generate large...Ch. 21 - Prob. 17CYUCh. 21 - What is the relationship between CO2 and pH in the...Ch. 21 - Which brain stem respiratory area is thought to...Ch. 21 - Prob. 20CYUCh. 21 - An injured soccer player arrives by ambulance in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 21 - What distinguishes the obstruction in asthma from...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24CYUCh. 21 - Cutting the phrenic nerves will result in (a) air...Ch. 21 - Which of the following laryngeal cartilages is/are...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3RQCh. 21 - The detergent-like substance that keeps the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following determines the direction of...Ch. 21 - When the inspiratory muscles contract, (a) the...Ch. 21 - The nutrient blood supply of the lungs is provided...Ch. 21 - Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following would not normally be...Ch. 21 - Most oxygen carried in the blood is (a) in...Ch. 21 - Which of the following has the greatest...Ch. 21 - In mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13RQCh. 21 - Prob. 14RQCh. 21 - Damage to which of the following would most likely...Ch. 21 - Prob. 16RQCh. 21 - Trace the route of air from the nares to an...Ch. 21 - (a) Why is it important that the trachea is...Ch. 21 - Briefly explain the anatomical reason why most men...Ch. 21 - The lungs are mostly passageways and elastic...Ch. 21 - Describe the functional relationships between...Ch. 21 - Discuss how airway resistance, lung compliance,...Ch. 21 - (a) Differentiate clearly between minute...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24RQCh. 21 - (a) Define hyperventilation. (b) If you...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 6CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 7CCS
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Make a list of the different physiological equations: Equation to calculate CaO2 (content of oxygen in arterial blood) and assume 100% saturation and no oxygen diffused in solution; all is carried by hemoglobin (what is the hemoglobin binding constant?) =arrow_forwardConsider oxyhemoglobin in hard-working tissues. Using the graph below, what is the percentage of oxyhemoglobin when the PO2 is 40mmHg? 100% 809% 60% 40% 20% 0% 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Po, (mm Hg) OXYHEMOGLOBIN PERCENTAGE 8- 8-arrow_forwardName three effects produced by H+ binding to hemoglobin.arrow_forward
- When an actively metabolizing tissue produces CO2, the H+ concentration of blood increases. Explain how this happens using a chemical equation.arrow_forwardWhat are the three ways in which blood transports CO2?arrow_forwardApproximately how much CO2 is carried by hemoglobin in the venous blood?arrow_forward
- x The Bohr effect describes the impact of changes in serum pH and CO2 concentrations on the oxygen dissociation curve of hemoglobin. This effect is physiologically important because it allows the body to adapt to changing conditions and provide enough oxygen to different types of tissues. **Plot the curves of hemoglobin oxygen saturation for patients in conditions of acidosis (serum pH below 7.34) and alkalosis (serum pH higher than 7.45) and compare it to the one in normal conditions. ** **When tissues, such as muscle tissue, are performing large amounts of strenuous activity the increase in metabolic activity produces CO2 as waste. Once in the bloodstream the enzyme carbonic anhydrase speeds up the conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate and protons. How does this affect the release of oxygen to the tissues?** **2,3-bisphosphoglycerate is an allosteric inhibitor of oxygen binding to hemoglobin. Acclimatization to high altitude involves numerous physiological and biochemical changes,…arrow_forwardDiscuss the factors that affect oxygen binding in hemoglobin.arrow_forwardMake a list of the different physiological equations: Fick equation for oxygen diffusion = Simple estimation for heart rate max = Equation to convert absolute VO2 (Liters of O2/min) to relative VO2 (ml/kg/min) =arrow_forward
- Below is the equation that represents O2 binding to hemoglobin. Hb+4O2⇌Hb(O2)According to Le Chatelier’s principle, which form of the hemoglobin (Hb or Hb(O2)4) is predominant in the lungs where the partial pressure of oxygen is high? Explain. I need help answering thisarrow_forwardIndividuals with cystic fibrosis produce thick mucus in the lungs, resulting in a higher-than-normal level of CO2 in the blood. What is the problem that results from higher-than-normal levels of COz in the blood? Please relate this to buffers in the blood and construct a clear problem statement.arrow_forwardArrange the following in the ascending ( small to large) order of the percentage of dissolving CO2. 1 plasma 2 hemoglobin 3 cytoplasm of RBC a) 2,3,1 b)1,3,2, c)2,1,3 d)3,2,1 e)1,2,3 f) 3,1,2arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning