Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780393614046
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster, Stacey Lowery Bretz, Geoffrey Davies
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 21, Problem 21.16QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The concentrations of each of the given elements are to be expressed in parts per billion.

Concept introduction: In human body, concentrations of ultratrace elements are even lower than those of trace essential elements. Therefore, they are sometimes expressed in parts per billion.

To determine: The concentration of the given element in parts per billion.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 21.16QP

Solution

The concentration is 6000ppb_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The given element is bromine, 6mg in 1L .

The formula that relates the given quantities to ppm is,

1ppm=1mg/L

Hence, concentration in ppm is calculated by the formula,

Concentrationinppm=mgofsoluteLofsolution

The mass of solute is 6mg and volume of solution in 1L .

Substitute the value of mass of solute and solution in the above formula.

Concentrationinppm=6mg1L=6ppm

The conversion of ppm to ppb is done as,

1ppm=1000ppb

Therefore, the conversion of 6ppm to ppb is done as,

6ppm=6×1000ppb=6000ppb_

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The concentration of the given element in parts per billion.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 21.16QP

Solution

The concentration is 140ppb_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The given element is boron, 0.014g/100kg .

The formula that relates the given quantities to ppm is,

1ppm=1mgofsolutekgofsolution

Hence, concentration in ppm is calculated by the formula,

Concentrationinppm=mgofsolutekgofsolution

The mass of solute is 0.014g and mass of solution in 1000kg .

The conversion of g to mg is done as,

1g=1000mg

Therefore, the conversion of 0.014g to mg is done as,

0.014g=0.014×1000mg=14mg

Substitute the value of mass of solute and solution in the above formula.

Concentrationinppm=14mg100kg=0.14ppm

The conversion of ppm to ppb is done as,

1ppm=1000ppb

Therefore, the conversion of 0.14ppm to ppb is done as,

0.14ppm=0.14×1000ppb=140ppb_

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The concentration of the given element in parts per billion.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 21.16QP

Solution

The concentration is 71ppb_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The given element is selenium, 5.0mg/70kg .

The formula that relates the given quantities to ppm is,

1ppm=1mgofsolutekgofsolution

Hence, concentration in ppm is calculated by the formula,

Concentrationinppm=mgofsolutekgofsolution

The mass of solute is 5.0mg and mass of solution in 70kg .

Substitute the value of mass of solute and solution in the above formula.

Concentrationinppm=5mg70kg=0.071ppm

The conversion of ppm to ppb is done as,

1ppm=1000ppb

Therefore, the conversion of 0.071ppm to ppb is done as,

0.071ppm=0.071×1000ppb=71ppb_

Conclusion

The concentration of selenium, 5.0mg/70kg is 71ppb_ .

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Chapter 21 Solutions

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)

Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.6VPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.7VPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.8VPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.9VPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.10VPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.11QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.12QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.13QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.14QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.15QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.16QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.17QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.18QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.19QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.20QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.21QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.22QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.23QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.24QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.25QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.26QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.27QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.28QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.29QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.30QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.31QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.32QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.33QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.34QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.35QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.36QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.37QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.38QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.39QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.40QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.41QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.42QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.43QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.44QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.45QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.46QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.47QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.48QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.49QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.50QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.51QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.52QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.53QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.54QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.55QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.56QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.57QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.58QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.59QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.60QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.61QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.62QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.63QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.64QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.65QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.66QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.67QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.68QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.69QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.70QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.71QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.72QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.73QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.74QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.75QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.76QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.77QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.78QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.79QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.80QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.81QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.82QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.83QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.84QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.85QPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.86QP
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