Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The compound has to be matched with appropriate
Concept introduction:
Resonance effect:
Organic compound contains double bonds, it will involve in the overlap of p-orbitals on the two adjacent carbon atoms.
Inductive effect:
The electronic effect arises due to the polarisation of σ bonds within a molecule and it is due to an electronegativity difference between the atoms.
(b)
Interpretation:
The compound has to be matched with appropriate
Concept introduction:
Resonance effect:
Organic compound contains double bonds, it will involve in the overlap of p-orbitals on the two adjacent carbon atoms.
Inductive effect:
The electronic effect arises due to the polarisation of σ bonds within a molecule and it is due to an electronegativity difference between the atoms.
(c)
Interpretation:
The compound has to be matched with appropriate
Concept introduction:
Resonance effect:
Organic compound contains double bonds, it will involve in the overlap of p-orbitals on the two adjacent carbon atoms.
Inductive effect:
The electronic effect arises due to the polarisation of σ bonds within a molecule and it is due to an electronegativity difference between the atoms.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version
- (a) Draw the structure of the hemiacetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and one mole of ethanol. (b) Draw the structure of the acetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and two moles of ethanol. (c) Draw the structure of 2-methoxy-2-butanol. What compounds could you prepare this from? (d) Draw the structure of 3-methoxyl-2-butanol. What functional groups are present? Is this an acetal, a hemiacetal, or neither? Explain. (e) Identify the functional groups in the molecules shown below. Circle any acetals or hemiacetal, and identify which they are. 0-arrow_forward(a) Draw the structure of the hemiacetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and one mole of ethanol. (b) Draw the structure of the acetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and two moles of ethanol. (c) Draw the structure of 2-methoxy-2-butanol. What compounds could you prepare this from?arrow_forwardUsing pKa Values to Determine Relative Acidity and Basicity Rank the following compounds in order of increasing acidity, and then rank their conjugate bases in order of increasing basicity.arrow_forward
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- The pKa of phenol is 10.0 and the pKa of para-nitrophenol is 7.2. Given this information, one knows that The conjugate base of para-nitrophenol must be less stable than the conjugate base of phenol The conjugate acid of para-nitrophenol must be more stable than the conjugate base of phenol The conjugate base of para-nitrophenol must be more stable than the conjugate base of phenol Both acids are basesarrow_forwardEthyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) a) Given 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100% yield? b) A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.25 g of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? c) The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol?arrow_forwardEthyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Given 8.50 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures.arrow_forward
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