Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 2SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: DNA is the genetic material in prokaryotes, archaea, and eukaryotes. DNA contains genes that are made of
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Proteins are not suitable to the genetic molecules within cells because they?
a) are large organic compounds
b) are composed of building blocks called amino acids
c) do not replicate themselves
d) catalyze biochemical reactions
DNA is a chemical that cells use to store information. Describe how information is encoded in DNA, and what this information actually represents.
A. What do scientists do to adult cells to make them “behave” like embryos?
B. Transgenic, cloned sheep were used to produce what medical protein?
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- Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly because they(A) express different genes.(B) contain different genes.(C) use different genetic codes.(D) have unique ribosomes.arrow_forwardUse your genetic code (codon) table to answer the next two questions: What type of mutation would result if the sequence of a gene were altered so that the sequence of the mRNA was changed from: AUGCCGUGCAGUAAC to AUGCCAUGCAGUAAC A) a silent mutation B) a nonsense mutation C) a frame-shift mutation D) a missense mutation E) a base insertion mutationarrow_forwardWhy are proteins so absolutely necessary for all cells? a. They are like the workers of cells b. They store genetic information c. They store water d. They are used for inheritancearrow_forward
- A promoter is ______. a. a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides b. a specific sequence of RNA nucleotides c. a protein that binds to DNA d. an enzyme that synthesizes RNAarrow_forwardWhich event contradicts the central dogma of molecular biology? a. Poly-A polymerase enzymes process mRNA in the nucleus. b. Endonuclease enzymes splice out and repair damaged DNA. c. Scientists use reverse transcriptase enzymes to make DNA from RNA. d. Codons specifying amino acids are degenerate and universal.arrow_forwardThe molecule DNA is important to biological systems because a. it can be replicated. b. it encodes the information for making a new individual. c. it forms a complex, double-helical structure. d. nucleotides form genes.arrow_forward
- The information a cell needs to function is found on the DNA molecule in the form of a. multiple combinations of unknown chemicals. b. RNA subgroups. c. a spiral helix. d. four bases and the order in which they appear.arrow_forwardWhen a molecule of DNA coils up, it is called a ____________, which contains different codes for different proteins. Each protein causes/creates a ______, which is a characteristic of an organism. For example, hair color is a trait that results from a protein that is produced by cells based on the codes in DNA.arrow_forwardThe anticodon … A. is complementary to the mRNA B. is found on the ribosome C. is found on the tRNA D. A and Carrow_forward
- a mutation in dna that adds +1 ot -1 nucleotide or +2 or -2 nucleotides is called a______? (choose one answer only) A. frameshift mutation B. silent mutation C. nonsense mutation D. missense mutationarrow_forwardExamining the DNA of a cancerous cell, a scientist would find strong expression of A. siRNAs. B. rRNAs. C. oncogenes. D. transcription factors.arrow_forwardIn a DNA molecule, a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base are collectivley referred to as A. DNA B. RNA C. a nucleotide D. a codonarrow_forward
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