Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321967671
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 3SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Homeostasis is the maintenance of an internal balance. The animal body is made up of several organs that should perform their function in unison. Homeostasis is the maintenance of the body condition where internal environment is maintained in a constant state even if there is a significant change in the external environment. The body has several mechanisms to maintain the homeostasis.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following statements is True?a. Ectotherms generate most of their body heatmetabolically.b. Ectotherms include birds and mammals.c. Ectotherms experience variable body temperatures.d. Ectotherms are known as “warm-blooded” animals.
which of the following statements are true about homeostasis? Select all that apply.
a. The selective permeability of the cell membrane allows for thermoregulation.
b. Homeostasis is an organism‘s way of maintaining constant and balanced internal processes.
c. Ectotherms rely on environmental heat to maintain homeostasis.
d. Homeostasis works by a system of positive feedback.
What could happen due to a failure in homeostasis?
Select one:
a. The accumulation of waste products.
b. The loss of excess water from the body.
c. Maintaining excess levels of sugar in the body.
d. All of the above are potential outcomes of failure of homeostasis.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
Ch. 21 - Which is likely to be a more common cancer in an...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2SQCh. 21 - Prob. 3SQCh. 21 - Prob. 4SQCh. 21 - State whether each statement below is an example...Ch. 21 - While visiting a farm on a hot summer day, you see...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7SQCh. 21 - Prob. 8SQCh. 21 - What happens to most of the water that passes from...Ch. 21 - Explain the similarities between how your body...
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- Which of the following is an example of negative feedback? A. High blood sugar will increase the viscosity of blood plasma (plasma is concentrated). In response, water is drawn into the plasma from surrounding tissues in order to dilute the plasma B. Breathing rate increases during exercise to provide more oxygen to muscle cells. Heart rate also increase to increase the speed at which the oxygen is delivered. C. During digestion cells in the stomach produce HCl to begin breaking down proteins, the HCl then stimulates the release of pepsin, to continue breaking down proteins. D. In the immune system, antibodies produced by B-cells bind to antigens, which activates other B-cells to produce antibodies of the same kind.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a mechanism to maintain the body’s internal temperature? A. Fluid has a high capacity for heat, so it requires a great deal of energy to raise its temperature. B. Warmed fluids from the body’s surface return to the body’s core, thus heating the body. C. Fluid acts as a coolant by increasing the blood flow from the warm body core to the peripheral tissue, thus cooling the body. D. Fluid is evaporated as sweat from the skin’s surface, thus cooling the body.arrow_forwardWhat is an example of an accurate representation of the level or organization of the body, from smallest to largest? A. Lung, tissue, oxygen atom, O2 cells, lungs B. Carbon atom, blood cell, heart tissue, heart C. White blood cell, hydrogen atom, immune system, glands. D. Iron atom, nervous tissue, brain, brain cellsarrow_forward
- Which of the following mechanisms could both be used by the body to increase body temperature if a person forgets a coat on a cold day? A. Superficial blood vessels dilate, and the thyroid decreases metabolism. B. Superficial blood vessels constrict, and the thyroid decreases metabolism. C. Superficial blood vessels dilate, and the thyroid increases metabolism. D. Superficial blood vessels constrict, and the thyroid increases metabolism.arrow_forwardPositive feedback mechanisms to drive homeostasis are more common than negative feedback mechanisms. A. True B. False Cholesterol is a waxy, organic substance found in body cells and in blood. The human body uses cholesterol to make cell membranes, vitamin D, hormones, and bile (a liver product). There are two major types of cholesterol, both produced by the liver. What is the typical path that dietary cholesterol (cholesterol we get from food) takes through the digestive system, from the mouth to where it is absorbed into the bloodstream? A. Mouth → Esophagus → Pharynx B. Mouth → Pharynx → Esophagus → Small intestine → Stomach С. Mouth — D. Mouth Small intestine → Stomach → Stomach –→ Small intestine > Pharynx Pharynx → Esophagus → Esophagus - → Stomach Small intestinearrow_forwardWhich of the following is a correct statement about endothermic organisms? A. Compared to ectotherms, since they cannot have their internal body temperature leave the thermoneutral zone, they are limited with regard to the types of environments they can live in. B. Endotherms do not typically use passive mechanisms for thermoregulation, such as insulation, because they utilize metabolic energy to control body temperature. C. The trait of endothermicity is a derived characteristic in mammalian animals and is not seen in other phylogenetic branches in the Metazoan Clade. D. All endotherms possess sweat glands, which allow them to conduct evaporative cooling to lower their body temperature when needed. E. None of the abovearrow_forward
- What is the best definition of homeostasis?a. Taking in oxygen and getting rid of carbon dioxide.b. Keeping a constant temperature.c. Getting rid of waste.d. Maintenance of a constant internal environment.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about metabolic heat is true? A. All animals produce metabolic heat B. Homeotherms rely on metabolic heat to maintain body temperature C. Animals that use metabolic heat to maintain body temperature are at lower risk of overheating than animals that do not use metabolic heat to maintain body temperature D. Relative to their body size, large animals lose more metabolic heat to the environment than small animals E. All of the above are truearrow_forwardRead the following scenario and determine the parts of the homeostasis feedback loop. When a human increases physical activity, the amount of fuel burned in its cells also increases, which in turn increases the concentration of dissolved CO2 in the blood. The CO2 reacts with water in the blood to make a weak acid, which lowers the pH of the blood. Sensory cells in the aortic arch register this drop in pH and send sensory information to the medulla oblongata of the brain. The medulla oblongata sends signals to the diaphragm to increase respiration. This will clear the CO2 from the bloodstream. A. Name the stimulus in this scenario. B. Explain what a receptor is in the homeostasis feedback loop and name the receptor in this scenario. C. Explain what an integrating center is in the homeostasis feedback loop and name integrating center in this scenario. D. Explain what an effector is in the homeostasis feedback loop and name the effector in this scenario. E. Name the response in this…arrow_forward
- which of the following scenarios can be classified as a negative feedback loop? a. increase in oxytocin caused by increased contractions b. increase in blood pressure to reduce heart rate c. increase in testosterone to help increase a fight or flight response d. increase in platelet production to help increase blood clottingarrow_forwardWhen you exercise, your body depletes oxygen faster. As a result, respiration and depth of breathing increases to take in more oxygen. In addition, your heart rate increases to speed up the delivery of oxygen to your muscles that are exercising. What type of homeostatic mechanism does this represent? a) Positive feedbackb) Negative feedbackc) Feedforwardarrow_forwardWhich two organ systems maintain homeostasis by dictating other organ systems? Choose two. a. immune system b. digestive system c. nervous system d. circulatory system e. integumentary system f. endocrine system g. respiratory system h. reproductive system i. skeletal systemarrow_forward
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