Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 5TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The process of natural selection conserves the alleles of high fitness and those individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce. These alleles express the
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Which of the following correctly refer to individuals with lower fitness?
A) Have a selective disadvantage
B) Are selected against
C) Have an evolutionary benefit
A and B
A, B, and C
There is a population of cats and 16% of the cats this population show a recessive trait.
a. What is the frequency of the recessive allele?
b. What is the frequency of the dominant genotype?
c. What is the frequency of cats with the heterozygous genotype?
Which of the following contribute to keeping low-fitness alleles in our gene pool?
Choose all that are correct
a) Random mating
b) New mutations
c) Inefficient selection against rare recessive disease-causing alleles
d) Late age of onset of some diseases
e) Efficient selection against rare recessive disease-causing alleles
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21.1 - If a population of skunks includes some...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.1 - What factors contribute to phenotypic variation in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 21.2 - Why is the Hardy-Weinberg principle considered a...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.3 - Which agents of microevolution tend to increase...Ch. 21.3 - Which mode of natural selection increases the...Ch. 21.3 - In what way is sexual selection like directional...Ch. 21.4 - How does the diploid condition protect harmful...
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.5 - How can a biologist test whether a trait is...Ch. 21.5 - Why are most organisms adapted to the environments...Ch. 21 - The reason spontaneous mutations do not have an...Ch. 21 - The phenomenon in which chance events cause...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 21 - Which of the following represents an example of...Ch. 21 - A population of mice is at HardyWeinberg...Ch. 21 - If the genotype frequencies in a population are...Ch. 21 - An Eastern European immigrant carrying the allele...Ch. 21 - If a storm kills many small sparrows in a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 21 - Discuss Concepts Many human diseases are caused by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 21 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Captive breeding...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 21 - Design an experiment to test the hypothesis that...Ch. 21 - Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University...
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- Which of the following is true about adaptation? a) It occurs through the inheritance of acquired characteristics b) It always results in the evolution of new traits c) It is a result of chance mutations d) It is the result of natural selection acting on heritable variationarrow_forwardThe continued presence of the allele that causes sickle cell anemia in areas where falciparum malaria is prevalent demonstrates which of the following phenomena? (a) inbreeding depression (b) frequency-dependent selection (c) heterozygote advantage (d) genetic drift (e) a genetic bottleneckarrow_forwardWhat is the difference between artificial selection (e.g., greyhounds that are bred for speed) and natural selection? a. In artificial selection, the genetic variation introduced into the population is limited, but in natural selection, it is not b. In artificial selection, the environment is the selective force, while in natural selection, humans are the selective force c. In natural selection, the environment is the selective force, while in artificial selection, humans are the selective force d. Unlike other species, dogs are not subject to natural selection e. Both A & Carrow_forward
- Which of the following is the MOST important characteristic of a trait for it to undergo descent with modification? A. It must be heritable. B. It must exhibit variation. C. It must exhibit phenotypic plasticity. D. Variation in the trait must be accompanied by variation in fitness.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about dominant traits is correct? a. The dominant trait is the one that is expressed. b. They are observed three-fourths as frequently as heterozygous traits. c. They are observed less frequently than recessive traits. d. They increase in frequency over evolutionary time. e. The dominant trait is typically masked by the recessive trait.arrow_forwardA population of birds may have red feathers or orange feathers. Red feathered birds have the genotype RR or Rr. Orange feathered birds have the genotype rr. The frequency of the RR genotype is .46 a. What is the frequency of heterozygous birds? B. What is the frequency of the R allele ? C. What is the frequency of r allele?arrow_forward
- Population genetics is the study of: a. how selective forces change the allele frequencies in a population over time b. the genetic basis of population-wide traits c. whether traits have a genetic basis d. the degree of inbreeding in a populationarrow_forwardAll of the following are causes for evolutionary concern in small populations, EXCEPT: a. Unmasking of deleterious alleles. b. Natural selection can be overwhelmed by drift, and thus cannot counterbalance the effects. c. Random fixation of deleterious alleles is more likely to occur in small populations. d. Homozygosity decreases more rapidly in smaller populations compared to larger populations.arrow_forwardThe protruding tusk on a narwhal is an enlarged tooth with sensory capabilities. Narwhals are related to other whales. The extreme phenotype of the tusk demonstrates which type of selection? A)Convergent B)Stabilizing C)Directionalarrow_forward
- Darwinian fitness is a measure of a. survival. b. reproductive success. c. heterozygosity of the gene pool. d. polymorphisms in a population.arrow_forwardWhat is true of populations that are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? a. Organisms are constantly migrating. b. Mating is random. c. The populations must be very small. d. Natural selection is occurring.arrow_forwardWhich of the following assumptions is NOT part of Hardy-Weinberg principle? a. no geneflow b. no mutation c. Allelic frequencies are the same in males and females d. mating is nonrandomarrow_forward
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