Microeconomics with Connect Access Card
20th Edition
ISBN: 9781259278556
Author: Campbell McConnell
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 21, Problem 7DQ
To determine
The distribution of the income.
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(Last Word) The combined cost of Social Security and Medicare programs was what percent of U.S. GDP in 2008
(A) 7.6
(B) 12.4
(C) 17.2
(D) 2.9
Assume that the productivity of farm labour depends on daily caloric intake, similarly to that depicted in Figure17.4. Using this kind of diagram, compare the efficiency wages that would apply to the following two types of workers:
• A landless labourer
• A labourer with small plot of land on which he
grows staple crops
Describe the likely equilibrium unemployment rates and wage rates for landless labourers and small landholders. Judging partially on the basis of this example, what sorts of data and what empirical strategies might you use to see whether nutritional efficiency wages were an important element in the rural labour markets of poor, rural economies?
Table 9P - 2 uses data for the year 2016 , adjusted to be comparable to each other . All population values are in thousands . a . Fill in the bîanks in the table . [LO 9.1 ] b . In part a, you should have found that the unem ployment rates of the three countries differ significantly from one another . Suggest three possible reasons to explain why the countries might have different unemploym
country
working-age population
labor force
employed
unemployed
unemployment rate (%)
labor-force participation rate (%)
japan
110849
64460
2160
france
31164
3520
56.1
germany
76066
46096
5.7
ent rates .
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- 20.7 Essay: How Economic Inequality Arises 1) What is "human capital" and why is it considered an investment? 2) What is "human capital"? How is it important in the determination of a worker's wage rate? 3) How is human capital acquired? 4) How does the demand for high-skilled workers compare to the demand for low-skilled workers? Why does this difference exist? 5) How does an increase in the cost to acquire a skill affect the vertical distance between the supply curves of high-skilled and low-skilled workers?arrow_forwardHow is absolute poverty measured, in comparison to the distribution of national income? Write down a statistic for each measurement. List 3 countries in Latin America with extremely high rates of absolute poverty and 3 countries with very high income inequality. What are 2 factors which may have increased absolute poverty rates throughout the region’s history? Finally, provide 2 factors which have increased income inequality in Latin America throughout its history.arrow_forwardNo written by hand solution Suppose there are two sectors, call them A [agriculture] and M [manufacturing]. People earn say $5 an hour in agriculture and $10 an hour in manufacturing. Suppose we are interested in the share of the bottom 40% and the richest 20%. Let x be the share of people in manufacturing. Derive a formula that gives you the shares of income earned by the lowest 40% of the population and the richest 20% of the population as a function of x. This is a connection between structural transformation and the behavior of inequality.arrow_forward
- Use the accompanying table for Neon and Zeon to answer the questions that follow. Assume that the wage rate shown equals hourly output and income and that the accumulated output and income are the sum of the marginal revenue products (MRPs) of each worker. a. Which country has the greater stock of capital and technological prowess? How can you tell?b. Suppose the equilibrium wage rate is $19 in Neon and $7 in Zeon. What is the domestic output (= domestic income) in the two countries?c. Assuming zero migration costs and initial wage rates of $19 in Neon and $7 in Zeon, how many workers will move to Neon? Why will not more than that number of workers move to Neon?d. After the move of workers, what will the equilibrium wage rate be in each country? What will the domestic output be after the migration? What is the amount of the combined gain in domestic output produced by the migration? Which country will gain output; which will lose output? How will the income of native-born workers be…arrow_forwardWhat do we mean by “economic activity”?Economic Activity we mean the area of our social interactions in which people provide for their material needs and for those of their fellow human beings. It involves the production, the distribution, and the consumption of goods and services. #164. What does the Bible say about poverty and riches?Anyone who follows Jesus must never forget that first and foremost we are supposed to be ‘rich toward God’ (Lk.12:21). To become rich in material things is not a particularly Christian goal in life. And to be materially rich is not a sure sign of God’s special grace. Jesus teaches us to pray: ‘Give us this day our daily bread’ (Mt.6:11). With these words we ask the Father for all that we need for our earthly life. We do not strive for luxurious possessions but for the goods required for a happy life in moderate prosperity, the support of a family, works and charity, and participation in culture and education, as well as further development. #175. Is…arrow_forwardSuppose a worker’s skill is captured by his efficiency units of labor. The distribution of efficiency units in the population is such that worker 1 has one efficiency unit, worker 2 has two efficiency units, and so on. There are 100 workers in the population. In deciding whether to migrate to the United States, these workers compare their weekly earnings at home ( w0) with their potential earnings in the United States (w1).The wage-skills relationship in each of the two countries is given byw0 = 700 + 0.5sandw1 = 670 + swhere s is the number of efficiency units the worker possesses.a. Assume there are no migration costs. What is the average number of efficiency units among immigrants? Is the immigrant flow positively or negatively selected?b. Suppose it costs $10 to migrate to the United States. What is the average number of efficiency units among immigrants? Is the immigrant flow positively or negatively selected?arrow_forward
- Assume that workers whoses are less than $8000 currently pay no federal income taxes. Suppose a new government program guarantees each worker $4000, whether or not he or she earns any income. For all earned income up to $8000, the worker must pay a 50- percent tax. Draw the budget line facing the worker under this new program. Using the line drawing tool, draw the new budget line facing a worker whose wage is such that his or her pre-tax earned income is less than $8000. Label this line 'BC2'.arrow_forwardExplain this: Goal 10: Reduced Inequalities. Income inequality is on the rise the richest 10 percent have up to 40 percent of global income whereas the poorest 10 percent earn only between 2 to 7 percent. If we take into account population growth inequality in developing countries, inequality has increased by 11 percent. Income inequality has increased in nearly everywhere in recent decades, but at different speeds. It’s lowest in Europe and highest in the Middle East. These widening disparities require sound policies to empower lower income earners, and promote economic inclusion of all regardless of sex, race or ethnicity. Income inequality requires global solutions. This involves improving the regulation and monitoring of financial markets and institutions, encouraging development assistance and oreign direct investment to regions where the need is greatest. Facilitating the safe migration and mobility of people is also key to bridging the widening divide.arrow_forward- It is reported in the news that the Malaysian Government will continue to focus on reducing the country's poverty rate, particularly, following the Covid-19 outbreak. The pandemic has affected people’s livelihood, resulting in rising incidence of poverty. Since (the poor) and (the needy) are two of the eight categories of asnaf (zakat recipients), zakat authorities need to increase the amount of zakat and sadaqah collections to address the rising incidence of poverty. With the use of specific examples, suggest and explain in detail 3 (THREE) strategies that the zakat authorities could implement to increase the collections of contributions.arrow_forward
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