Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21.4, Problem 21.4CE
To determine
The change in the average kinetic energy and thermal energy if the particle number is doubled.
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Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 21.2 - Incorrect. Heat is not contained in Texas. The...Ch. 21.3 - In each situation listed, an objects temperature...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.3CECh. 21.4 - Prob. 21.4CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.5CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.6CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.7CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.8CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.9CECh. 21 - Prob. 1PQ
Ch. 21 - Prob. 2PQCh. 21 - You extend an impromptu invitation to a friend for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4PQCh. 21 - Prob. 5PQCh. 21 - Prob. 6PQCh. 21 - Prob. 7PQCh. 21 - Prob. 8PQCh. 21 - Prob. 9PQCh. 21 - Prob. 10PQCh. 21 - Prob. 11PQCh. 21 - Prob. 12PQCh. 21 - Prob. 13PQCh. 21 - Prob. 14PQCh. 21 - Prob. 15PQCh. 21 - Prob. 16PQCh. 21 - Prob. 17PQCh. 21 - Prob. 18PQCh. 21 - Prob. 19PQCh. 21 - From Table 21.1, the specific heat of milk is 3.93...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21PQCh. 21 - Prob. 22PQCh. 21 - An ideal gas is confined to a cylindrical...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24PQCh. 21 - You place frozen soup (T = 17C) in a microwave...Ch. 21 - A 25-g ice cube at 0.0C is heated. After it first...Ch. 21 - Prob. 27PQCh. 21 - Prob. 28PQCh. 21 - Prob. 29PQCh. 21 - Prob. 30PQCh. 21 - Consider the latent heat of fusion and the latent...Ch. 21 - Prob. 32PQCh. 21 - Prob. 33PQCh. 21 - A thermodynamic cycle is shown in Figure P21.34...Ch. 21 - Prob. 35PQCh. 21 - Figure P21.36 shows a cyclic thermodynamic process...Ch. 21 - Figure P21.37 shows a PV diagram for a gas that is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 38PQCh. 21 - Prob. 39PQCh. 21 - Prob. 40PQCh. 21 - Prob. 41PQCh. 21 - Prob. 42PQCh. 21 - Prob. 43PQCh. 21 - Prob. 44PQCh. 21 - Figure P21.45 shows a cyclic process ABCDA for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 46PQCh. 21 - Prob. 47PQCh. 21 - Prob. 48PQCh. 21 - Prob. 49PQCh. 21 - Prob. 50PQCh. 21 - Prob. 51PQCh. 21 - Prob. 52PQCh. 21 - Prob. 53PQCh. 21 - Prob. 54PQCh. 21 - Prob. 55PQCh. 21 - You extend an impromptu invitation to a friend for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 57PQCh. 21 - Prob. 58PQCh. 21 - A lake is covered with ice that is 2.0 cm thick....Ch. 21 - A concerned mother is dressing her child for play...Ch. 21 - Prob. 61PQCh. 21 - Prob. 62PQCh. 21 - Prob. 63PQCh. 21 - Prob. 64PQCh. 21 - Prob. 65PQCh. 21 - Prob. 66PQCh. 21 - Prob. 67PQCh. 21 - Prob. 68PQCh. 21 - Three 100.0-g ice cubes initially at 0C are added...Ch. 21 - Prob. 70PQCh. 21 - Prob. 71PQCh. 21 - Prob. 72PQCh. 21 - Prob. 73PQCh. 21 - Prob. 74PQCh. 21 - Prob. 75PQCh. 21 - Prob. 76PQCh. 21 - Prob. 77PQCh. 21 - Prob. 78PQCh. 21 - How much faster does a cup of tea cool by 1C when...Ch. 21 - The PV diagram in Figure P21.80 shows a set of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 81PQCh. 21 - Prob. 82PQCh. 21 - Prob. 83PQCh. 21 - Prob. 84PQCh. 21 - Prob. 85PQ
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- Two containers hold an ideal gas at the same temperature and pressure. Both containers hold the same type of gas, but container B has twice the volume of container A. (i) What is the average translational kinetic energy per molecule in container B? (a) twice that of container A (b) the same as that of container A (c) half that of container A (d) impossible to determine (ii) From the same choices, describe the internal energy of the gas in container B.arrow_forwardA cylinder contains a mixture of helium and argon gas in equilibrium at 150C. (a) What is the average kinetic energy for each type of gas molecule? (b) What is the rms speed of each type of molecule?arrow_forwardA gas in a cylindrical closed container is adiabatically and quasi-statically expanded from a state A (3 MPa, 2 L) to a state B with volume of 6 L along the path 1.8pV= constant. (a) Plot the path in the pV plane. (b) Find the amount of work done by the gas and the change in the internal energy of the gas during the process.arrow_forward
- Consider the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function plotted in Problem 28. For those parameters, determine the rms velocity and the most probable speed, as well as the values of f(v) for each of these values. Compare these values with the graph in Problem 28. 28. Plot the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function for a gas composed of nitrogen molecules (N2) at a temperature of 295 K. Identify the points on the curve that have a value of half the maximum value. Estimate these speeds, which represent the range of speeds most of the molecules are likely to have. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. Equation 20.18 can be used to find the rms velocity given the temperature, Boltzmanns constant, and the mass of the atom or molecule. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. vrms=3kBTm=3(1.381023J/K)4.681026kg=511m/s Using the results of Problem 28 and the rms velocity, we can calculate the value of f(v). f(vrms) = (3.11 108)(511)2 e(5.75106(511)2) = 0.00181 The most probable speed, for which this function has its maximum value, is given by Equation 20.20. vmp=2kBTm=2(1.381023J/K)(295K)4.681026kg=417m/s f(vmp) = (3.11108)(417)2 e(5.75106(417)2) = 0.00199 We plot these points on the speed distribution. The most probable speed is indeed at the peak of the distribution function. Since the function is not symmetric, the rms velocity is somewhat higher than the most probable speed. Figure P20.29ANSarrow_forwardWhat is the average mechanical energy of the atoms of an ideal monatomic gas at 300 K?arrow_forwardA sealed cubical container 20.0 cm on a side contains a gas with three times Avogadros number of neon atoms at a temperature of 20.0C. (a) Find the internal energy of the gas. (b) Find the total translational kinetic energy of the gas. (c) Calculate the average kinetic energy per atom, (d) Use Equation 10.13 to calculate the gas pressure. (e) Calculate the gas pressure using the ideal gas law (Eq. 10.8).arrow_forward
- A high—pressure gas cylinder contains 50.13L of toxic gas at a pressure of 1.40107N/m2 and a temperature of 25.0C. Its value leaks after the cylinder is dropped. The cylinder is cooled to dry ice temperature (78.5C) to reduce the leak rate and pressure so that it can be safely repaired. (a) What is the final pressure in the tank, assuming a negligible amount of gas leaks while being cooled and that there is no phase change? (b) What is the final pressure it onetenth of the gas escapes? (c) To what temperature must the tank be cooled to reduce the pressure to 1.00 atm (assuming the gas does not change phase and that there is no leakage during cooling)? (d) Does cooling the tank appear to be a practical solution?arrow_forwardCylinder A contains oxygen (O2) gas, and cylinder B contains nitrogen (N2) gas. If the molecules in the two cylinders have the same rms speeds, which of the following statements is false? (a) The two gases haw different temperatures. (b) The temperature of cylinder B is less than the temperature of cylinder A. (c) The temperature of cylinder B is greater than the temperature of cylinder A. (d) The average kinetic energy of the nitrogen molecules is less than the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules.arrow_forwardUnreasonable Results The temperature inside a supernova explosion is said to be 2.001013K. (a) What would the average velocity vrmsof hydrogen atoms be? (b) What is unreasonable about this velocity? (b) Which premise or assumption is responsible?arrow_forward
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