CAMPBELL BIOLOGY MOD MASTERING (18 WEEK)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780136920335
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21.6, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To analyze: The reason that Flies and Mice share similarities in homeotic genes but still they are very different from one another.
Introduction: Genes are considered the hereditary units in organisms which are transported from one generation to another. There are several segments of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that are unique but there are several stretches that are repeated and are identical in some species in terms of sequences and organization.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY MOD MASTERING (18 WEEK)
Ch. 21.1 - Describe the whole-genome shotgun approach.Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 21.2 - Explain the advantage of the systems biology...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In Concept 20.2, you learned...Ch. 21.3 - The best estimate is that the human genome...Ch. 21.3 - The Genomes Online Database (GOLD) Website of the...Ch. 21.3 - WHAT IF? What evolutionary processes might...Ch. 21.4 - Discuss the characteristics of mammalian genomes...Ch. 21.4 - VISUAL SKILLS Which of the three mechanisms...
Ch. 21.4 - Contrast the organizations of the rRNA gene family...Ch. 21.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Assign each DNA segment at the...Ch. 21.5 - Describe three examples of errors in cellular...Ch. 21.5 - Explain how multiple exons might have arisen in...Ch. 21.5 - What are three ways that transposable elements are...Ch. 21.5 - WHAT IF? In 2005, Icelandic scientists reported...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 21.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 21.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21 - How did the Human Genome Project result in more...Ch. 21 - What has been the most significant finding of the...Ch. 21 - Compare genome size, gene number, and gene density...Ch. 21 - Explain how the function of transposable elements...Ch. 21 - How could chromosomal rearrangements lead to the...Ch. 21 - What type of Information can be obtained by...Ch. 21 - Bioinformatics intludes all of the following...Ch. 21 - Homeotic genes (A) encode transcription factors...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 21 - DRAW IT Below are the amino acid sequences(using...Ch. 21 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Genes important in the...Ch. 21 - scientific inquiry The scientists mapping the SNPs...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 21 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Insects have three...
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- Discuss the role of homeotic genes in development. Explain what happens to the phenotype of a fruit fly when a gain-of-function mutation in a homeotic gene causes the protein to be expressed in an abnormal region of the embryo. What are the consequences of a loss-of-function mutation in such a gene?arrow_forwardYou inject bicoid MRNA into the posterior end of a fertilized fruit fly egg just prior to the first cleavage. How will the experiment affect Hox gene expression in this fly? How will it affect the fly embryo's anatomy? Explain your answer, demonstrating your understanding of the role bicoid and Hox genes play in development.arrow_forwardYou discover that zebrafish contain a gene that has a similar sequence to Drosophila abdoless. Describe TWO experiments you would do to test for a similar function.arrow_forward
- Another way to study the role of proteins (e.g., transcription factors) that function in development is to microinject the mRNA that encodes a protein, or the purified protein itself, into an oocyte or embryo, and then determine how this affects the subsequent development of the embryo, larva, and adult. For example, if Bicoid protein is injected into the posterior region of an oocyte, the resulting embryo will develop into a larva that has anterior structures at both ends. Based on your understanding of the function of each developmental gene, what would be the predicted phenotype if the following proteins or mRNAs were injected into normal oocytes? A. Nanos mRNA injected into the anterior end of an oocyte B. Antp protein injected into the posterior end of an embryo C. Toll mRNA injected into the dorsal side of an early embryoarrow_forwardYou are studying Hox genes in crane flies (Leptotarsus testaceus). The cranefly genome is sequenced, and in craneflies. Using your understanding of Hox genes, design an experiment testing where the homolog of the EVE gene is expressed in cranefly embryos. you have access to this sequence. You are interested in studying the EVE genearrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the concept of cell differentiation during the development of a multicellular organism? A. During development, all of the genes in the embryo's cells are expressed at first, but fewer and fewer are expressed as time proceeds. B. During development, different sets of genes are deleted from different cell types so that at the end of development, each cell has only the genes it needs. C. During development, different cells become specialized to have different phenotypes even though they all originated from the same cell. ..arrow_forward
- Signal transduction pathways are important mechanisms for cell-to-cell communication in multicellular organisms. How do the target cells typically respond when they receive signals from neighboring cells during very early stages of embryo development? A. The target cells move to one of the poles to establish the anterior-posterior body axis. B. The target cells undergo changes in gene expression, sending them down a specific developmental path. C. The target cells stop dividing so the neighboring cells have time to get to the same stage of development. D. The target cells activate a collection of miRNAs to accelerate transcription and cell division.arrow_forwardA small amount of cytoplasm will leak out of a fertilized Drosophila egg if it is punctured at the anterior end. Predict how this is likely to affect the development of the fly embryo. Give a detailed explanation for your prediction.arrow_forwardExplain how Hox gene expression affects vertebrate development.arrow_forward
- What is Sonic hedgehog, and why it is important? Sonic hedgehog is a protein in humans that is encoded bybthe SHH gene. It plays a key role in the development of animals as distantly related as insects and mammals.arrow_forwardDescribe an experiment you could perform or evidence you could observe that would prove that DNA is the genetic material that results in inheritance of traits (through gene expression) in a multicellular animal.arrow_forwardgiven a situation in which you manipulated a zebrafish embryo by injecting high levels of retinoic acid so that no anterior genes will be expressed. Surprisingly, after embryonic development, you are still able to observed the presence of anterior structures. What could explain this observation? What changes in your experiment would you make to achieve your objective?arrow_forward
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