Chapter 22, Problem 22.24QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given complex ions are to be named.

Concept introduction: The naming of coordination compounds is written in two parts. The cation is named first in both the positively or negatively charged coordination complexes and then the name of anion. The ligands are named in alphabetically order before the name of central metal ion or atom.

To determine: The name of the given complex ion.

Answer to Problem 22.24QP

Solution

The name of ${\left[\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_2\right]}^{+}$ is Diamminecopper (I).

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The given complex ion is ${\left[\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_2\right]}^{+}$. The complex ion has positive charge so the metal is named as the element name. Therefore, metal name is copper. The given complex consists of ammonia ligand and the number of ligands is two. The prefix for ammine is Di. The charge on complex ion is $+1$ and ammonia is a neutral ligand. The oxidation number of $\text{Cu}$ is calculated by using the formula,

$\text{Charge on complex}\text{ion}=\left[\begin{array}{c}\left(\text{Number of Cu }\times \text{oxidation state of Cu}\right)+\\ \left({\text{Number of NH}}_3\times {\text{oxidation state of NH}}_3\right)\end{array}\right]$.

Substitute the values of number of atoms and oxidation state in the above formula to calculate the oxidation number of $\text{Cu}$,

$\begin{array}{c}1=1\left(x\right)+2\left(0\right)\\ 1=x+0\\ x=1\end{array}$

Hence, the oxidation state of $\text{Cu}$ is $+1$. The name of the complex ion is Diamminecopper (I).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The name of the given complex ion.

Answer to Problem 22.24QP

Solution

The name of ${\left[\text{Ti}{\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)}_{\text{4}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\right]}^{2+}$ is Tetraaquadihydroxytitanium (IV).

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The given complex ion is ${\left[\text{Ti}{\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)}_{\text{4}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\right]}^{2+}$. The complex ion has positive charge so the metal is named as the element name. Therefore, metal name is titanium. The given complex consists of four water and two hydroxide ligands and the number of ligands is six. For water, aqua term is used and the prefix for aqua is hexa. The charge on complex ion is $+2$. The oxidation number of $\text{Ti}$ is calculated by using the formula,

$\text{Charge on complex}\text{ion}=\left[\begin{array}{c}\left(\text{Number of Ti }\times \text{oxidation state of Ti}\right)+\\ \left({\text{Number of H}}_2\text{O }\times {\text{oxidation state of H}}_2\text{O}\right)+\\ \left(\text{Number of OH }\times \text{oxidation state of OH}\right)\end{array}\right]$.

Substitute the values of number of atoms and oxidation state in the above formula to calculate the oxidation number of $\text{Ti}$.

$\begin{array}{c}2=1\left(x\right)+4\left(0\right)+2\left(-1\right)\\ 2=x+0-2\\ x=2+2\\ x=4\end{array}$

Hence, the oxidation state of $\text{Ti}$ is $+4$.

The name of the complex ion is Tetraaquadihydroxytitanium (IV).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The name of the given complex ion.

Answer to Problem 22.24QP

Solution

The name of ${\left[\text{Ni}{\left({\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{4}}{\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)}_{\text{2}}\right]}^{2+}$ is Tetraamminediaquanickel (II).

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The given complex ion is ${\left[\text{Ni}{\left({\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{4}}{\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)}_{\text{2}}\right]}^{2+}$. The complex ion has positive charge so the metal is named as the element name. Therefore, metal name is nickel. The given complex consists of $4$ ammonia and two water ligands and the number of ligands is six. The charge on complex ion is $+2$. The oxidation number of $\text{Ni}$ is calculated by using the formula,

$\text{Charge on complex}\text{ion}=\left[\begin{array}{c}\left(\text{Number of Ni }\times \text{oxidation state of Ni}\right)+\\ \left({\text{Number of NH}}_3\times {\text{oxidation state of NH}}_3\right)+\\ \left({\text{Number of H}}_2\text{O }\times {\text{oxidation state of H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)\end{array}\right]$.

Substitute the values of number of atoms and oxidation state in the above formula to calculate the oxidation number of $\text{Ni}$.

$\begin{array}{c}2=1\left(x\right)+4\left(0\right)+2\left(0\right)\\ 2=x+0+0\\ x=2\end{array}$

Hence, the oxidation state of $\text{Ni}$ is $+2$.

The name of the complex ion is Tetraamminediaquanickel (II).

Conclusion

The names of the given complex ions are,

1. a. The name of ${\left[\text{Cu}{\left({\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_2\right]}^{+}$ is Diamminecopper (I).
2. b. The name of ${\left[\text{Ti}{\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)}_{\text{4}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\right]}^{2+}$ is Tetraaquadihydroxytitanium (IV).
3. c. The name of ${\left[\text{Ni}{\left({\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{4}}{\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)}_{\text{2}}\right]}^{2+}$ is Tetraamminediaquanickel (II).