Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Two non-metals that can form more than four bonds should be located on the periodic table.
Concept introduction:
In order to form more than four bonds, an element should be able to expand its valence shell to occupy more than eight electrons. In some third row elements tend to form more than four bonds because of the existence of d sublevels. These d orbitals can accommodate more electrons.
(b)
Interpretation:
Two non-metals that can form maximum of four bonds should be located on the periodic table.
Concept introduction:
Group 4A elements can form maximum of four bonds.
(c)
Interpretation:
Two non-metals that form oxides that are gases at 250 C should be located on the periodic table.
Concept introduction:
Nonmetals in first-row and second-row elements forms oxides which are gases at room temperature.
(d)
Interpretation:
A non-metal that forms an oxide that is a solid at 250 C should be located on the periodic table.
Concept introduction:
Most of the nonmetals in third row and below form oxides which are solids at room temperature.
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CHEMISTRY-W/MASTERING CHEMISTRY ACCESS
- Consider the following three statements about the reactivityof an alkali metal M with oxygen gas:(i) Based on their positions in the periodic table, the expectedproduct is the ionic oxide M2O.(ii) Some of the alkali metals produce metal peroxides or metalsuperoxides when they react with oxygen.(iii) When dissolved in water, an alkali metal oxide produces abasic solution.Which of the statements (i), (ii), and (iii) is or are true?(a) Only one of the statements is true.(b) Statements (i) and (ii) are true.(c) Statements (i) and (iii) are true.(d) Statements (ii) and (iii) are true.(e) All three statements are true.arrow_forwardComplete and balance the following equations: (a) CaO(s) + H2O(1) (b) Al>O3(s) + H*(aq) (c) NazO2(s) + H20(I) (d) N2O3(8) + H20(1) (e) KO2(s) + H,0(1) (f) NO(8) + O(8)arrow_forward(A) if both sentences are true, (B) if both sentences are false, (C) if the first sentence is true but the second is false, and (D) if the first sentence is false but the second is true. 1. When a non-metallic oxide reacts with water, a base will be formed as the product of the reaction. When a metallic oxide like phosphorous pentoxide reacts with water, a base will be formed as the product of the reaction. 2. When water is mixed with oxides, hydrogen gas is evolved. A red to blue color change in the litmus paper indicates that the solution tested is an acid. 3. The filtrate in any filtration process is left on the surface of the filter paper, while the residue is collected at the bottom of the flask/container after passing through the filter paper. In the distillation process, the methyl violet served as a compound to acidify the water. 4. In the Winkler Titration Method, the starch solution turns colorless in the presence of free iodine in the solution to be titrated. In the Winkler…arrow_forward
- In general terms, how does each of the following atomic properties influence the metallic character of themain-group elements in a period?(a) Ionization energy(b) Atomic radius(c) Number of outer electrons(d) Effective nuclear chargearrow_forwardWhat is a disproportionation reaction, and which of thefollowing fit the description?(a) I₂(s) +KI(aq) →KI₃(aq)(b) 2ClO₂(g) +H₂O(l) →HClO₃(aq) +HClO₂(aq)(c) Cl₂(g)+ 2NaOH(aq)→ NaCl(aq)+ NaClO(aq)+ H₂O(l)(d) NH₄NO₂(s)→ N₂(g) +2H₂O(g)(e) 3MnO₄²⁻(aq)+ 2H₂O(l) →2MnO₄(aq) +MnO₂(s) +4OH(aq)(f) 3AuCl(s) →AuCl₃(s)+ 2Au(sarrow_forwardWrite equations for the following reactions:(i) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules(ii) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium ribbon.(iii) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminum powder.arrow_forward
- The elements sodium, aluminum, and chlorine are in the same period. (a) Which has the greatest electronegativity? (b) Which of the atoms is smallest? (c) Which is the largest possible oxidation state for each of these elements? (d) Will the oxide of each element in the highest oxidation state (write its formula) be acidic, basic, or amphoteric?arrow_forward(a) List four physical characteristics of a solid metal. (b) List two chemical characteristics of a metallic element.arrow_forward(a) (i) (ii) (iii) With the aid of a simple schematic, explain what covalent bonding is and how it is formed. What are the differences between a covalent bond and an ionic bond? Which type of bond is found in crystalline silicon? At room temperature do you expect an ionic crystal to be a good electrical conductor or a good electrical insulator? Explain why.arrow_forward
- (a) One of the alkali metals reacts with oxygen to form a solidwhite substance. When this substance is dissolved in water,the solution gives a positive test for hydrogen peroxide, H2O2.When the solution is tested in a burner flame, a lilac-purpleflame is produced. What is the likely identity of the metal?(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction ofthe white substance with water.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true?(a) Si can form an ion with six fluorine atoms, SiF62-,whereas carbon cannot.(b) Si can form three stable compounds containing two Siatoms each, Si2H2, Si2H4, and Si2H6.(c) In HNO3 and H3PO4 the central atoms, N and P, havedifferent oxidation states.(d) S is more electronegative than Se.arrow_forwardWrite a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of an excess of oxygen with each of the following. Remember that oxygen is a strong oxidizing agent and tends to oxidize an element to its maximum oxidation state.(a) Mg(b) Rb(c) Ga(d) C2H2(e) COarrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning