Economics (Irwin Economics)
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259723223
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 22, Problem 4RQ
To determine
The flow of majority of the farm subsidy.
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Suppose demand and supply are given by: (LO3, LO4)Qx d = 14 − 1/2Px and Qx s = 1/4Px − 1c. How much tax revenue does the government earn with the $12 tax when the new equilibrium quantity is 2 units after tax .
Consider the market for product ABC, when the price is at Php 12, quantity demanded is 6 units and quantity supplied is 3 units. An eight pesos increase in the price would change quantity demanded by 2 units and quantity supplied by 4 units.
1. If the government imposed Php 0.75 tax, how much would be the tax burden of the seller?2. At equilibrium point, how much is the consumers surplus? how much is the total surplus
3. What is the elasticity of supply for the product at equilibrium point? how about the elasticity of demand at equilibrium point?
PROBLEMS 1. Workers are compensated by firms with “benefits” in addition to wages and salaries. The most prominent benefit offered by many firms is health insurance. Suppose that in 2000, workers at one steel plant were paid $20 per hour and in addition received health benefits at the rate of $4 per hour. Also suppose that by 2010 workers at that plant were paid $21 per hour but received $9 in health insurance benefits. LO17.1
By what percentage did total compensation (wages plus benefits) change at this plant from 2000 to 2010? What was the approximate average annual percentage change in total compensation?
By what percentage did wages change at this plant from 2000 to 2010? What was the approximate average annual percentage change in wages?
If workers value a dollar of health benefits as much as they value a dollar of wages, by what total percentage will they feel that their incomes have risen over this time period? What if they only consider wages when calculating their incomes?…
Chapter 22 Solutions
Economics (Irwin Economics)
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- 4. Suppose that low-skilled workers employed in clearing woodland can each clear one acre per month if each is equippedwith a shovel, a machete, and a chainsaw. Clearing one acrebrings in $1,000 in revenue. Each worker’s equipment coststhe worker’s employer $150 per month to rent and each workertoils 40 hours per week for four weeks each month. LO17.6 a. What is the marginal revenue product of hiring one lowskilled worker to clear woodland for one month?b. How much revenue per hour does each worker bring in?c. If the minimum wage were $6.20, would the revenue perhour in part b exceed the minimum wage? If so, by howmuch per hour?d. Now consider the employer’s total costs. These includethe equipment costs as well as a normal profit of $50 peracre. If the firm pays workers the minimum wage of$6.20 per hour, what will the firm’s economic profit orloss be per acre?e. At what value would the minimum wage have to be set sothat the firm would make zero economic profit fromemploying an…arrow_forward(Last Word) The combined cost of Social Security and Medicare programs was what percent of U.S. GDP in 2008 (A) 7.6 (B) 12.4 (C) 17.2 (D) 2.9arrow_forwardIf the tax code exempts the first $20,000 of income from taxation and then taxes 25 percent of all income above that level, then a person who earns percent and a marginal tax rate of $50,000 has an average tax rate of percent. O 15, 25 O 25, 15 O 25, 30 O 30, 25arrow_forward
- Consider the following examples. For each one,say whether the incentive is positive or negative.[LO 1.3]a. Bosses who offer time-and-a-half for workingon national holidays.b. Mandatory minimum sentencing for drugoffenses.c. Fines for littering.d. Parents who offer their children extra allowance money for good grades.arrow_forwardMa2. Required: Question 3.(LO3 Apply) Simon Ltd is run by Simon Leather who makes leather belts for designers. He uses the finest Argentinean leather and needs highly trained machinists to make the belts up to the quality designers expect. His beits usually sell for £50 per item and use 0.2m² of leather and 30 minutes of labor. Simon Ltd has 5 staff. They work a standard 8-hour day, 5 days a week, 48 weeks of the year. They earn £15 per hour. Leather costs £20 per meter. Simon also has some variable overheads of £6 per unit. Fixed overheads are £28,800. a) Calculate the number of belts Simon will have to sell to break even. Simon decides to branch out and start to also sell handbags to the same market. The handbags sell for €250 each and use 1.5m² of leather with 1 hour of labor being required. Variable overheads are £20 per handbag. There has been a bad case of foot and mouth in Argentina. Simon can only use the leather he has currently being shipped to him for the next…arrow_forwardApproximately how many people are employed in the federal bureaucracy? O 1 million-1.4 million O 1.5 million -1.7 million O2 million-2.4 million O 2.5 million - 3 millionarrow_forward
- A software company in Silicon Valley uses programmers (labor) and computers (capital) to produce apps for mobile devices. The firm estimates that when it comes to labor, MPL = 5 apps per month while PL = $1,000 per month. And when it comes to capital, MPC = 8 apps per month while PC = $1,000 per month. If the company wants to maximize its profits, it should: LO16.5 a. Increase labor while decreasing capital. b. Decrease labor while increasing capital. c. Keep the current amounts of capital and labor just as they are. d. None of the above.arrow_forwardAssume the following values for attached figures: Q1 = 20 bags. Q2 = 15 bags. Q3 = 27 bags. The market equilibrium price is $45 per bag. The price at a is $85 per bag. The price at c is $5 per bag. The price at f is $59 per bag. The price at g is $31 per bag. Apply the formula for the area of a triangle (Area = ½ × Base × Height) to answer the following questions. LO4.2 a. What is the dollar value of the total surplus (producer surplus plus consumer surplus) when the allocatively efficient output level is being produced? How large is the dollar value of the consumer surplus at that output level? b. What is the dollar value of the deadweight loss when output level Q2 is being produced? What is the total surplus when output level Q2 is being produced? c. What is the dollar value of the deadweight loss when output level Q3 is produced? What is the dollar value of the total surplus when output level Q3 is produced?arrow_forward. Suppose that a car dealership wishes to see if efficiency wages will help improve its salespeople’s productivity. Currently, each salesperson sells an average of one car per day while being paid $20 per hour for an eight-hour day. LO17.8 What is the current labor cost per car sold? Suppose that when the dealer raises the price of labor to $30 per hour the average number of cars sold by a salesperson increases to two per day. What is now the labor cost per car sold? By how much is it higher or lower than it was before? Has the efficiency of labor expenditures by the firm (cars sold per dollar of wages paid to salespeople) increased or decreased? Suppose that if the wage is raised a second time to $40 per hour the number of cars sold rises to an average of 2.5 per day. What is now the labor cost per car sold? If the firm’s goal is to maximize the efficiency of its labor expenditures, which of the three hourly salary rates should it use: $20 per hour, $30 per hour, or $40 per hour?…arrow_forward
- The price of a gallon of gasoline in California was $0.99 in 1997, and it is currently $3.69. By what factor have the prices increased? -3.73 O 72 O 27 3.73arrow_forwardConsider the market for product ABC, when the price is at Php 12, quantity demanded is 6 units and quantity supplied is 3 units. An eight pesos increase in the price would change quantity demanded by 2 units and quantity supplied by 4 units. 1. At equilibrium point, how much is the producers surplus?2. How much would the producer receive when tax is imposed? 3. If the government imposed Php 0.75 tax, how much would be the tax burden of the buyer?arrow_forwardSuppose demand and supply are given by: (LO3, LO4)Qx d = 14 − 1/2Px and Qx s = 1/4Px − 1a. Determine the equilibrium price and quantity.arrow_forward
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