BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 22, Problem 5U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The evolutionary changes occurring in a species and the process of
Gradualism suggests that the changes due to evolution occurred very slowly and gradually through the time and is not associated with speciation. Whereas, punctuated equilibrium suggests that the
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What is an Analogy?
A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants
B) When two organisms appear the same
C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypes
Researchers have found fossils of Eocene horse species in Colorado. Deeper deposits contain smaller species, and more recent deposits contain larger species. How does this observation support the theory of evolution?
A.
It provides evidence that species change over time.
B.
It does not support the theory of evolution.
C.
It shows that all species are related to each other.
D.
It proves that environments have changed over time.
E.
It suggests that species are unchanging and of recent origin.
According to the punctuated equilibria model,(A) given enough time, most existing species will branchgradually into new species.(B) most new species accumulate their unique features relatively rapidly as they come into existence, then changelittle for the rest of their duration as a species.(C) most evolution occurs in sympatric populations.(D) speciation is usually due to a single mutation.
Chapter 22 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 22.1 - Understand the biological species concept and why...Ch. 22.1 - Define the two kinds of reproductive isolating...Ch. 22.1 - Describe the relationship of reproductive...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.4 - Compare and contrast sympatric and allopatric...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 22.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22 - Prob. 1IQCh. 22 - Prob. 2IQCh. 22 - Prezygotic isolating mechanisms include all of the...Ch. 22 - Reproductive isolation is a. a result of...Ch. 22 - Problems with the biological species concept...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4UCh. 22 - Prob. 5UCh. 22 - Prezygotic isolation a. always involves mechanisms...Ch. 22 - Speciation by allopolyploidy a. takes a long time....Ch. 22 - Adaptive radiation a. is the result of enriched...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9UCh. 22 - Character displacement a. arises through...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11UCh. 22 - If reinforcement is weak and hybrids are not...Ch. 22 - Natural selection can a. enhance the probability...Ch. 22 - Hybridization between incompletely isolated...Ch. 22 - Natural selection can lead to speciation a. by...Ch. 22 - Natural selection can lead to the evolution of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2SCh. 22 - Refer to figure 22 6 In Texas. Drummond s phlox is...Ch. 22 - Refer to figure 22.16. Geospiza fuliginosa and...
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- What is a Homology? A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants B) When two organisms appear the same C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypesarrow_forwardWhat is the difference between micro- and macroevolution? a. Microevolution describes the evolution of small organisms, such as insects, while macroevolution describes the evolution of large organisms, like people and elephants. b. Microevolution describes the evolution of microscopic entities, such as molecules and proteins, while macroevolution describes the evolution of whole organisms. c. Microevolution describes the evolution of populations, while macroevolution describes the emergence of new species over long periods of time. d. Microevolution describes the evolution of organisms over their lifetimes, while macroevolution describes the evolution of organisms over multiple generations.arrow_forwardThe pupfishes in the Death Valley region are an example of which evolutionary process? (a) background extinction (b) allopatric speciation (c) sympatric speciation (d) allopolyploidy (e) paedomorphosisarrow_forward
- Assume you are studying the fossil record of a certain lineage of sharks. You find that sharks in this lineage will maintain the same morphology for long periods of time and only rapidly change their morphology during a speciation event. The evidence you uncover is supportive of which of the following theories? a. Punctuated Equilibrium b. Gradualism c. Start and Stasis d. Increased Net Tempoarrow_forwardHow does evolutionary change occur? A. Through the modification of characteristics in a preexisting population. B. It may involve vertical descent with mutation. C. It may involve horizontal gene transfer. D. All of these choices are correct. E. None of these choices are correct.arrow_forwardGene flow is the only mechanism of evolutionary change that ____. a.) tends to reduce genetic differences between populations b.) Leads to adaptation c.) tends to reduce genetic diversity in populations d.) tends to increase genetic differences between populationsarrow_forward
- The three beetle species live in the same ecosystem, and they likely evolved from the ancestral species that colonized the region. Which statement best explains how descent with modification influenced speciation in these beetles? A. The ancestral species carried neutral gene mutations that spontaneously caused speciation when they colonized the region. B. The ancestral species randomly diverged into three species before colonization and then colonized the regions that best suited their new adaptations. C. After colonization, small groups separated from the rest of the ancestral species and developed different adaptations that helped them survive and reproduce. D. After colonization, the large group interbred until they developed enough neutral genetic mutations for speciation to occur.arrow_forwardTo apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, (A) choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. (B) choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. (C) choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes,in either DNA sequences or morphology. (D) choose the tree with the fewest branch points.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about convergent evolution is true? (a) It demonstrates how similar environments can lead to different physical structures. (b) It demonstrates how similar environments can lead to the same physical structures. (c) It demonstrates that similarity of structures is due to descent from a common ancestor. (d) It demonstrates that similarity of structures is due to random chance.arrow_forward
- What is true about evolution by natural selection? a. It is a largely random process. b. Homology shows that convergence is a useful tool for deducing adaptive function. c. Mothers are invariably members of the same species as their offspring, so selection can never create new species. d. Harmful recessive genes are eliminated more rapidly than harmful dominant genes. e. None of the above is true.arrow_forwardAdaptive radiation a. is the result of enriched uranium used in power plants. b. is the evolution of closely related species adapted to use different parts of the environment. c. results from genetic drift. d. is the outcome of stabilizing selection favoring the maintenance of adaptive traits.arrow_forwardAs a mechanism of evolution, natural selection can be most closely equated with a. random mating. b. genetic drift. c. unequal reproductive success. d. gene flow.arrow_forward
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