Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 23, Problem 1CT
Summary Introduction
To explain: Whether it seems likely that a “gene therapy” program might be able to correct the genetic problems and help cheetahs make a comeback.
Introduction: Inbreeding is a type of mating mechanism where two very closely related organisms of a single species (siblings or between child and a parent) mate and produce offspring. Inbreeding is illegal for Homo sapiens. Inbreeding decreases the hybrid vigor and often results in spontaneous abortion or death of the offspring before sexual maturity. It is very rare that the offspring of inbred parents attain sexual maturity and procreates. Inbreeding accumulates lethal mutations in the offspring.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
American cat breeders are trying to establish a new breeed of cat with unusual, curled-back ears, to be known as the "curl cat." Suppose you found a curl cat and wanted to secretly start your own population. How would you determine whether the curl allele is dominant or recessive? How would you establish and maintain a true breeding population based on whether the allele is dominant or recessive?
An island of the Galápagos archipelago is home to a medium ground finch that subsists mainly by eating seeds. A severe drought struck the island. During the drought, plants produced fewer seeds, and the finches soon depleted the stock of small and soft seeds, leaving only large and hard seeds that were difficult to process. In this environment, finches with deeper beaks were more likely to survive and pass their advantageous traits to their offspring by means of the principle called the 'inheritance of acquired characteristics'.
Question 11 options:
A) True
B) False
Evolution takes place through a combination of mechanisms at the level of populations. This process consists of a change in allele frequencies in a population over time. Consider the following scenario: You are observing a population of wild mice that has a dominant allele which produces white-colored fur, while the homozygous recessive alleles result in dark brown fur. Genetic studies have indicated that this gene for fur color follows Mendelian inheritance. Originally, the mice population was comprised of over 80% of white mice in a dark forest environment. As the local fox population increased, you noticed that there were fewer white mice and more brown-colored mice. By the end of your observation period of six months, you notice that brown-colored mice now make up over 60% of the total mice population.
Based on this scenario, explain what force of evolution is at work
Chapter 23 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1RQCh. 23 - As shown in Figure 23.25, there is considerable...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3RQCh. 23 - Prob. 4RQCh. 23 - Prob. 5RQCh. 23 - Prob. 6RQCh. 23 - Prob. 1SQCh. 23 - The relative numbers of different genes (alleles)...Ch. 23 - A difference in survival and reproduction among...Ch. 23 - The fossil record of evolution correlates with...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Evolution takes place through a combination of mechanisms at the level of populations. This process consists of a change in allele frequencies in a population over time. Consider the following scenario: You are observing a population of wild mice that has a dominant allele which produces white-colored fur, while the homozygous recessive alleles result in dark brown fur. Genetic studies have indicated that this gene for fur color follows Mendelian inheritance. Originally, the mice population was comprised of over 80% of white mice in a dark forest environment. As the local fox population increased, you noticed that there were fewer white mice and more brown-colored mice. By the end of your observation period of six months, you notice that brown-colored mice now make up over 60% of the total mice population. 1. Based on this scenario, explain what force of evolution is at work. 2. Are you observing microevolution or macroevolution? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardA species of mouse lives in California. One day 50 of these mice sneak onboard a boat and are taken to an island in the middle of the ocean with no mice on it. These mice find plenty of food to eat on this island and survive to produce fertile offspring even though this population has much less genetic diversity than the populations back in California. Over time on this island, a mutation gives some mice better night vision, and they start to hunt and eat insects that are only active at night and they sleep during the day. Another mutation gives some mice longer claws and they start to eat the seeds that only grow up in the tops of trees. What mechanism may lead to reproductive isolation and the eventual speciation in these mice? Group of answer choices Behavioral isolation Hybrid breakdown Gametic Isolation Mechanical Isolation Temporal Isolationarrow_forwardA species of mouse lives in California. One day 50 of these mice sneak onboard a boat and are taken to an island in the middle of the ocean with no mice on it. These mice find plenty of food to eat on this island and survive to produce fertile offspring even though this population has much less genetic diversity than the populations back in California. Over time on this island, a mutation gives some mice better night vision, and they start to hunt and eat insects that are only active at night and they sleep during the day. Another mutation gives some mice longer claws and they start to eat the seeds that only grow up in the tops of trees Which of the following best describes the evolutionary mechanism influencing this population as it first arrives on the island? Group of answer choices Adaptive radiation Bottleneck effect Founder effect Gene flow Selectionarrow_forward
- A species of mouse lives in California. One day 50 of these mice sneak onboard a boat and are taken to an island in the middle of the ocean with no mice on it. These mice find plenty of food to eat on this island and survive to produce fertile offspring even though this population has much less genetic diversity than the populations back in California. Over time on this island, a mutation gives some mice better night vision, and they start to hunt and eat insects that are only active at night and they sleep during the day. Another mutation gives some mice longer claws and they start to eat the seeds that only grow up in the tops of trees. Which of the following processes are influencing the allele frequencies of all mice on this island? Group of answer choices Gene Flow and Mutation Selection, Genetic Drift, and Mutation Gene Flow, Mutation, and Selection Selection Gene Flow and Mutationarrow_forwardNatural Selection Affects the Frequency of Genetic Disorders Will a recessive allele that is lethal in the homozygous condition ever be completely removed from a large population by natural selection?arrow_forwardAn hypothesis for the extinction of the dinosaurs is that the earth had been hit by a gigantic meteor that caused the death of those big reptiles. In that case the entire genetic pool of those animals has been destroyed, invalidating the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In Genetics what is this type of gene frequency change called?arrow_forward
- . It seems clear that inbreeding causes a reduction in fitness. Can you explain why?arrow_forwardGrizzly bears and polar bears are very closely related, so much so that they can reproduce to form hybrid offspring. Use your understanding of natural selection to describe how polar bears became a separate classification from the grizzly. Then describe how grizzly and polar bear evolution may be affected by climate change.arrow_forwardWhat is an example of how migration causes changes in gene frequencies? Genetic material can become lost over time due to lack of reproduction when animals migrate. When animals migrate, their genes mutate on their own, changing the frequency that a gene allele shows up. When animals migrate, the mating becomes less random, causing inbreeding and, therefore, shifts in the proportion of alleles. Seeds of plants are carried to different locations and introduced to a new population, adding their own genetic material and, therefore, changing gene frequencies.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements correctly describes inbreeding? A. Inbreeding increases the frequency of genotypes with homozygous alleles in a population. B. Inbreeding results from dissassortative mating. C. Inbreeding changes the allele frequencies in a population. D. Inbreeding increases the frequency of harmful phenotypes caused by dominant alleles in the population.arrow_forwardFrom the same fishing village in Alaska, where the allele frequency of webbed feet is 0.15, selection seems like a drastic step to increase the number of webbed footed individuals. Instead, the village examines how inbreeding would affect the population. If first cousins were allowed to mate, how frequently would webbed footed individuals be observed? (Remember this is a dominant trait!)arrow_forwardEvolution determines the change in inherited traits over time to ensure survival. There are three variants identified as Variant 1 with high reproductive rate, eats fruits and seeds; Variant 2, thick fur, produces toxins; and Variant 3 with thick fur, fast and resistant to disease. These variants are found in a cool, wet, and soil environment. In time 0 years with cool and wet environment, the population is 50,000 with 10,000 Variant 1, 15,000 Variant 2, and 25,000 of Variant 3. Two thousand years past, the environment remained the same with constant average temperature and rainfall. Variant 1 with a population of 26,000, Variant 2, 35,000, and Variant 3, 62,000. A disease spread throughout the population. However the population increased to 72,000. Determine the percentage increase in the population of the variants.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Genetic Variation and Mutation | 9-1 GCSE Science Biology | OCR, AQA, Edexcel; Author: SnapRevise;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLP8udGGfHU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY