Lags in the effect of monetary and fiscal policies.
Explanation of Solution
Concept introduction:
Monetary policy: Monetary policy refers to the credit
Fiscal Policy: Fiscal policy deals with the
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Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK PRINCIPLES OF MACROECONOMICS
- How can the theory of duality help policymakers regarding supply-side economics? Discuss.arrow_forwardIn an effort to stabilize the economy, is it best for policymarkers to use monetary policy, fiscal policy, or a combination of both? The following questions address the ways monetary and fiscal policies impact the economy and the pros and cons associated with using these tools to ease economic fluctuations. The following graph shows a hypothetical aggregate demand curve (AD), short-run aggregate supply curve (AS), and long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) for the economy in May 2025. According to the graph, this economy is in (a recession/an expansion) . To bring the economy back to the natural level of output, the government could use (an expansionary/a contractionary) monetary or fiscal policy such as (decreasing taxes/increasing taxes). Shift the appropriate curve on the following graph to illustrate the effects of the policy you chose. Suppose that in May 2025, policymakers undertake the type of policy that is necessary to bring the economy back to the natural…arrow_forwardDecisons for Tomorrow Identify the following policies as either fiscal, monetary, supply-side, or trade policy and determine whether the aggregate demand or aggregate supply curve would shift to the left or right if the policy was enacted. a. Increasing trade barriers (Click to select) policy (Click to select) would shift to the (Click to select) b. Tax cut for businesses that invest in new technologies (Click to select) policy (Click to select) would shift to the (Click to select) c. Tax cuts for households policy would shift to the (Click to select) (Click to select) (Click to select) d. Higher interest rates (Click to select) (Click to select) e. Increased infrastructure spending (Click to select) (Click to select) would shift to the (Click to select) f. Reducing tariffs (taxes on imports) and easing import regulations (Click to select) policy (Click to select) would shift to the (Click to select) policy would shift to the (Click to select) if this policy was enacted. policy if this…arrow_forward
- e. In this scenario, would you suggest using aggregate demand to alter the level of output or to control any inflationary increases in the price level?arrow_forwardhow a decrease in government spending on infrastructure affect the aggregate demand curve?arrow_forwardAs you have learned in Unit 8 (this week), monetary and fiscal policy play important roles in economic stimulation and or stabilization. In this regard:What specific fiscal policy tools would you use to stimulate aggregate demand and how?What specific monetary policy tools would you use to stimulate aggregate demand and how?What is your conclusion, should policymakers use the monetary and or fiscal policy, or a combination of both, to stimulate aggregate demand? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- TRUE/FALSE According to our discussion of supply side economics, there are positive aggregate demand side effects and positive supply side effects, similar to what happened during the new economy.arrow_forwardShould the government use monetary and fiscal policy in an effort to stabilize the economy? The following questions address the issue of how monetary and fiscal policies affect the economy, and the pros and cons of using these tools to combat economic fluctuations. The following graph shows a hypothetical aggregate demand curve (AD), short-run aggregate supply curve (AS), and long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) for the U.S. economy in February 2023. Suppose the government decides to intervene to bring the economy back to the natural level of output by using policy. Depending on which curve is affected by the government policy, shift either the AS curve or the AD curve to reflect the change that would successfully restore the natural level of output. 150 AS AD 130 110 AS AD 70 LRAS 50 20 22 24 26 28 30 OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars) Suppose that in February the government undertakes the type of policy that is necessary to bring the economy back to the natural level of output in the…arrow_forwardShould the government use monetary and fiscal policy in an effort to stabilize the economy? The following questions address the issue of how monetary and fiscal policies affect the economy, as well as the pros and cons of using these tools to combat economic fluctuations. The following graph plots hypothetical aggregate demand (AD), short-run aggregate supply (AS), and long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curves for the U.S. economy in February 2026. Suppose the government chooses to intervene in order to return the economy to the natural level of output by using Depending on which curve is affected by the government policy, shift either the AS curve or the AD curve to reflect the change that would successfully restore the natural level of output. AS 130 110 X AD 70 LRAS 22 24 26 OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars) PRICE LEVEL 150 50 20 28 30 AD 4 AS policy. (? Suppose that in February 2026 the government successfully carries out the type of policy necessary to restore the natural level of…arrow_forward
- Should the government use monetary and fiscal policy in an effort to stabilize the economy? The following questions address the issue of how monetary and fiscal policies affect the economy, as well as the pros and cons of using these tools to combat economic fluctuations. The following graph plots hypothetical aggregate demand (AD), short-run aggregate supply (AS), and long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curves for the U.S. economy in February 2026. Suppose the government chooses to intervene in order to return the economy to the natural level of output by using (an expansionary/a contractionary) policy. Depending on which curve is affected by the government policy, shift either the AS curve or the AD curve to reflect the change that would successfully restore the natural level of output. Suppose that in February 2026 the government successfully carries out the type of policy necessary to restore the natural level of output described in the previous question. In July 2026,…arrow_forwardShould the government use monetary and fiscal policy in an effort to stabilize the economy? The following questions address the issue of how monetary and fiscal policies affect the economy, as well as the pros and cons of using these tools to combat economic fluctuations. The following graph plots hypothetical aggregate demand (AD), short-run aggregate supply (AS), and long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curves for the U.S. economy in May 2026. Suppose the government chooses to intervene in order to return the economy to the natural level of output by using policy. Depending on which curve is affected by the government policy, shift either the AS curve or the AD curve to reflect the change that would successfully restore the natural level of output. PRICE LEVEL 150 50 30 130 110 8 70 80 50 20 20 22 24 LRAS 28 AS OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars) AD 28 30 AD ਵੇ ㅁ AS ? Suppose that in May 2026 the government successfully carries out the type of policy necessary to restore the natural level of…arrow_forwardAssume the economy has entered a recession. Identify two fiscal and two monetary policy actions that could be used to alleviate the recession and explain how each policy would improve the economy.arrow_forward
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