Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323717271
Author: Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 1TYU
Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some _______________ survive and reproduce better than others.
(A) alleles
(B) loci
(C) species
(D) individuals
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For this natural selection story, focus on just ONE GENETIC TRAIT that has two alleles. This is a make-believe story but the story line should sound plausible. Do not involve humans in any way.
Once upon a time there was a population of polar bears. Most of the polar bears had/were_(a)___ but a small proportion of the population had/were__(b) ___
Over many generations, the proportion of bears expressing the rare allele became more common through natural selection. What was going on within this population to cause this shift? ___(c)_(very brief is great!)
Note: do NOT mention whether the alleles are dominant/recessive nor about individuals being homozygous etc. We are looking at the big picture population-level patterns only.
Evolution is most accurately described as a change in allele frequencies in over time.
(a) an individual
(b) a species
(c) a population
(d) a community
Applied Natural Selection: You are studying a population of a newly-discovered species of mammal called grendels. They live here in the woods of CT, and the population has a wide range of thicknesses to their fur coats.
Most have a moderately thick coat year-round, including “Bob” and “Dave” and “Smurfette” and “Cindy,” four individuals that you are tracking. But a few such as “Stan” have noticeably thinner coats, and there is even one that you call “Biff” that looks almost naked and has very little body hair at all (a metrosexual grendel, if you will).
On the other hand, there are also a few with thicker-than-average coats such as “Penny” and “Silvia,” and one that you have nicknamed “Cousin It” because you can’t even see his eyes through all his lustrous hair.
(a) Using what you know about the different types of Selection, describe what you might expect of this population in terms of fur thickness over the next 1000 years if the climate stays the same as it has been up until…
Chapter 23 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
Ch. 23.1 - Explain why genetic Variation within a population...Ch. 23.1 - Ot all the mutations that occur in a population,...Ch. 23.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS If a population stopped...Ch. 23.2 - A population has 700 individuals, 85 of genotype...Ch. 23.2 - The frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population...Ch. 23.2 - WHAT IF? A locus that affects susceptibility to a...Ch. 23.3 - In what sense is natural selection more...Ch. 23.3 - Distinguish genetic draft from gene flow in terms...Ch. 23.3 - WH AT IF? Suppose two plant populations exchange...Ch. 23.4 - What is the relative fitness of a sterile mule?...
Ch. 23.4 - Explain why natural selection is the only...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 23 - Typically. most of the nucleotide variabillity...Ch. 23 - Is it circular reasoning to calculate p ond q from...Ch. 23 - Would two small, geographically isolated...Ch. 23 - How might secondary sex characteristics in males...Ch. 23 - Natural selection changes allele frequencies...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 23 - There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 23 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Using at least two examples,...Ch. 23 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA Researchers...Ch. 23 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 23 - SYNTHESI2E YOUR KNOWLEDGE This kettle lake forracd...
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- Alternatively, selection may be performed during mating, where mating is done after a selection process of one of the sexes. The surviving individuals can pass on their (1) to the next generation. When these variations are sustained over a long time and the population changes so that it can no longer (2) with the parent population, a new species is said to have evolved.arrow_forwardAn organism’s___________ refers to the specific alleles found within its chromosomes, while the traits that these alleles produce are called its_________ . Which of these does natural selection act on?__________arrow_forwardSome worms eat at night (meaning they are nocturnal) and some worms eat during the day (meaning they are diurnal.) Most birds eat only during the day, so they are only eating diurnal worms, due to the fact that the nocturnal worms are burrowing during this time. Each spring when the worms reproduce about 500 offspring are born but only 100 of them live long enough to reproduce themselves. Explain how natural selection will occur and include the 4 principals of natural selection.arrow_forward
- Allele frequency refers to the fraction of individuals with a particular version of a given gene.What effect does natural selection have on the allele frequency of a population? A. It causes the allele frequency to resemble that of a small number of individuals that became separated from the rest of the population. B. It causes random changes and the allele frequency of certain traits may increase or decrease. C. It increases the frequency of alleles that improve a species' survival in a particular environment. D. It greatly reduces the total population, which increases the effects of genetic drift on allele frequency.arrow_forwardExplain how these drawings illustrate an example of natural selection. Include the term "adaptive heritable trait" in your answer. A deer comes to eat. | A few weeks later the right-hand cactus has flowers. This figure shows the situation a few months later.arrow_forwardIn population genetics, evolution describes how _______ change from one generation to the next.arrow_forward
- The allele frequency in the population below has changed. Is this an example of evolution? * First generation Second generation →意意意憲 憲憲憲意 AMA 态意憲意 75% 25% 71% 29% Yes No Not enough information 介 介 介arrow_forwardThe process by which inherited characteristics of populations change over time is called_______ . Variability among individuals is the result of chance changes called_________ that occur in the hereditary molecule ________.arrow_forwardIf a population’s allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from generation to generation, (a) the population is undergoing evolutionary change (b) the population is said to be at genetic equilibrium (c)microevolution has taken place (d) directional selection is occurring, but only for a few generations (e) genetic drift is a significant evolutionary forcearrow_forward
- Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion Which of the following statements is false? Question 5 options: A) When insect populations are attacked with pesticides, the populations increase their mutation rates so that they can develop pesticide-resistant alleles. B) Small populations have smaller gene pools than larger populations. C) The fittest members of a population leave more offspring than less-fit individuals. D) Natural selection is responsible for most adaptive changes in populationsarrow_forwardOne possible definition of evolution is that evolution can be seen as the change of allele frequencies with time. 1)True 2) Falsearrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true of natural selection?(a) natural selection acts to preserve favorable traits and eliminate unfavorable traits (b) the offspring of individuals that are better adapted to the environment will make up a larger proportion of the next generation (c) natural selection directs the course of evolution by preserving the traitsacquired during an individual’s lifetime (d) natural selection Test Your Understanding acts on a population’s genetic variability, which arisesthrough mutation (e) natural selection may result in changes in allele frequencies in a populationarrow_forward
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