Concept explainers
a.
Return on investment (ROI) is an accounting measure of income divided by an accounting measure of investment. The formula used to determine ROI is given below:
However, ROI can provide more helpful in evaluating the performance when broken into two components as shown below.
Residual income:
Residual income (RI) is an accounting measure of an income minus a dollar amount for required return on accounting measure of investment. The formula used to determine the RI is given below:
To determine: The residual income for D Company.
b.
The economic value added (EAV) for D Company.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK HORNGREN'S COST ACCOUNTING
- Astro Co. sold 19,800 units of its only product and incurred a $48,292 loss (ignoring taxes) for the current year, as shown here. During a planning session for year 2020’s activities, the production manager notes that variable costs can be reduced 50% by installing a machine that automates several operations. To obtain these savings, the company must increase its annual fixed costs by $148,000. The maximum output capacity of the company is 40,000 units per year. ASTRO COMPANYContribution Margin Income StatementFor Year Ended December 31, 2019 Sales $ 738,540 Variable costs 590,832 Contribution margin 147,708 Fixed costs 196,000 Net loss $ (48,292 ) Prepare a forecasted contribution margin income statement for 2020 that shows the expected results with the machine installed. Assume that the unit selling price and the number of units sold will not change, and no income taxes will be due. ASTRO COMPANY Forecasted…arrow_forwarduniper Design Limited of Manchester, England, provides design services to residential developers. Last year, the company had net operating income of $470,000 on sales of $1,200,000. The company’s average operating assets for the year were $1,400,000 and its minimum required rate of return was 11%. Required: Compute the company’s residual income for the year.arrow_forwardThe following data pertain to Turk Company's operations last year: Sales $ 900,000 Net operating income $ 36,000 Contribution margin $ 150,000 Average operating assets $ 180,000 Stockholders' equity $ 100,000 Plant, property, & equipment $ 120,000 If the residual income for the year was $9,000, the minimum required rate of return must have been:arrow_forward
- Solano Company has sales of $620,000, cost of goods sold of $430,000, other operating expenses of $51,000, average invested assets of $1,900,000, and a hurdle rate of 10 percent.Required:1. Determine Solano’s return on investment (ROI), investment turnover, profit margin, and residual income.2. Several possible changes that Solano could face in the upcoming year follow. Determine each scenario’s impact on Solano’s ROI and residual income. (Note: Treat each scenario independently.)a. Company sales and cost of goods sold increase by 30 percent.b. Operating expenses decrease by $15,500.c. Operating expenses increase by 10 percent.arrow_forwardRivera Co. sold 20,000 units of its only product and incurred a $50,000 loss (ignoring taxes) for the current year, as shown here. During a planning session for year 2020’s activities, the production manager notes that variable costs can be reduced 50% by installing a machine that automates several operations. To obtain these savings, the company must increase its annual fixed costs by $150,000. The maximum output capacity of the company is 40,000 units per year. Contribution Margin Income Statement For Year Ended December 31, 2019 Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750,000 Variable costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600,000 Contribution margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150,000 Fixed costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200,000 Net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .…arrow_forwardJuniper Design Ltd. of Manchester, England, is a company specializing in providing design services to residential developers. Last year the company had net operating income of $480,000 on sales of $2,200,000. The company’s average operating assets for the year were $2,400,000 and its minimum required rate of return was 10%. Required: Compute the company’s residual income for the year.arrow_forward
- Solano Company has sales of $520,000, cost of goods sold of $380,000, other operating expenses of $51,000, average invested assets of $1,650,000, and a hurdle rate of 8 percent. Several possible changes that Solano could face in the upcoming year follow. Determine each scenario’s impact on Solano’s ROI and residual income. (Note: Treat each scenario independently.) b. Operating expenses decrease by $10,500. What is return on investment? What is residual income? Thanksarrow_forwardAstro Co. sold 20,000 units of its only product and incurred a $50,000 loss (ignoring taxes) for the current year, as shown here. During a planning session for year 2020’s activities, the production manager notes that variable costs can be reduced 50% by installing a machine that automates several operations. To obtain these savings, the company must increase its annual fixed costs by $200,000. The maximum output capacity of the company is 40,000 units per year. Contribution Margin Income Statement For Year Ended December 31, 2019 Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,000,000 Variable costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800,000 Contribution margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200,000 Fixed costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,000 Net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .…arrow_forwardSwann Systems is forecasting the following income statement for the upcoming year: Sales 5,000,000 Operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization)(3,000,000) EBITDA 2,000,000 Depreciation and amortization (500,000) EBIT 1,500,000 Interest (500,000) EBT 1,000,000 Taxes (40%) (400,000) Net income 600,000 The company’s president is…arrow_forward
- awn Master Company, a manufacturer of riding lawn mowers, has a projected income for the coming year as follows: Sales $ 37,000,000 Operating expenses: Variable expenses $ 22,200,000 Fixed expenses 7,400,000 Total expenses 29,600,000 Operating profit $ 7,400,000 Required: 1. Determine the breakeven point in sales dollars. 2. Determine the required sales in dollars to earn a before-tax profit of $8,500,000. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount.) 3. What is the breakeven point in sales dollars if the variable expenses increases by 8%? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answer to the nearest whole dollar amount.)arrow_forwardAstro Co. sold 20,000 units of its only product and incurred a $50,000 loss (ignoring taxes) for the current year, as shown here. During a planning session for year 2020’s activities, the production manager notes that variable costs can be reduced 50% by installing a machine that automates several operations. To obtain these savings, the company must increase its annual fixed costs by $200,000. The maximum output capacity of the company is 40,000 units per year. ASTRO COMPANYContribution Margin Income StatementFor Year Ended December 31, 2019 Sales $ 1,000,000 Variable costs 800,000 Contribution margin 200,000 Fixed costs 250,000 Net loss $ (50,000 ) 4. Compute the sales level required in both dollars and units to earn $200,000 of target pretax income in 2020 with the machine installed and no change in unit sales price.arrow_forwardSolano Company has sales of $520,000, cost of goods sold of $380,000, other operating expenses of $51,000, average invested assets of $1,650,000, and a hurdle rate of 8 percent. Several possible changes that Solano could face in the upcoming year follow. Determine each scenario’s impact on Solano’s ROI and residual income. (Note: Treat each scenario independently.)a. Company sales and cost of goods sold increase by 40 percent. What is the residual income? Thanksarrow_forward
- Excel Applications for Accounting PrinciplesAccountingISBN:9781111581565Author:Gaylord N. SmithPublisher:Cengage Learning