BIOLOGY 12E CONNECT ACCESS CARD
BIOLOGY 12E CONNECT ACCESS CARD
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264938513
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 23, Problem 2IQ
Summary Introduction

To identify: The presence of wings in birds and bats based on the phylogeny given below.

Introduction: The study of relationship and interaction between organism as well as their evolutionary changes and development is known as phylogeny. The evolutionary changes lead to the correlation between organisms with constant rate and direction.

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A phylogeny of 5 species of birds is shown below with values for three different phenotypic traits for each species shown in the rows above (e.g., species A has a wide, long beak and red tail, while species C has a narrow, very long beak and a green tail). DNA sequencing of tissue samples found buried in a freezer confirms that an extremely rare and reclusive species (D) is a sister species of E, but preserved samples of entire individuals of species D have been lost, the original collector of the samples has passed away, and no individuals of species D have subsequently been seen in the wild. In other words, we have no idea what species D looks like. Employing the principle of parsimony, which of the following conclusions is MOST appropriate for the likely values of these traits in species D? Beak width: wide wide ?? narrow narrow Beak length: long long ?? long very long Tail colour: red blue ?? green green A E a) wide beak, very long beak, green tail b) narrow beak, long beak, all…
Referring to the phylogenetic tree shown above, answer the following questions: 1. How many OTUs are included in the phylogenetic analysis? 2. How many clades are there? 3. What is an autapomorphic trait of the domestic cat? Explain why? 4. What is the shared derived trait (synapomorphy) in the Family Felidae? Explain why?
How, specifically, is the concept of ALLOMETRY relevant to the phylogenetic position of Homo floresiensis? Because if allometry explains the anatomy of Homo floresiensis then we can conclude that it is not separate species but instead a member of our species. Although most mammals on islands go through a process of getting smaller, Homo floresiensis evolved from a smaller ancestor to be bigger, meaning that allometry is an important factor. Mutations in the allometry allele are associated with many of the characteristics of Homo floresiensis. Because Homo floresiensis is so much smaller than other members of the genus Homo, it is important to determine how shape changes associated with smaller size impacted the species. Because Homo floresiensis had both small- and large-bodied forms, variation within the species is in large part dictated by allometry.
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license