EBK COLLEGE PHYSICS
4th Edition
ISBN: 8220106755235
Author: Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 33CQ
Adding a myelin sheath to an axon results in faster signal propagation. It also means that less energy is required for a signal to propagate down the axon. Explain why this is so.
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Assume a length of axon membrane of about 0.10 m is excited by an action potential (length excited = nerve speed x pulse duration = 50.0 m/s x 0.0020 s = 0.10 m). In the resting state, the outer surface of the axon wall is charged positively with K+ ions and the inner wall has an
equal and opposite charge of negative organic ions, as shown in the figure below. Model the axon as a parallel-plate capacitor and take C = ke A/d and Q = CAV to investigate the charge as follows. Use typical values for a cylindrical axon of cell wall thickness d =
2.0 × 10-8 m, axon
radius r = 1.6 × 10¹ µm, and cell-wall dielectric constant x = 2.9.
Positive
charge
layer
Negative
charge
layer
External fluid
Axon wall membrane
Internal fluid
Axon radius = r
No
+
(a) Calculate the positive charge on the outside of a 0.10-m piece of axon when it is not conducting an electric pulse. (Assume an initial potential difference of 7.0 x 10-² v.)
d
Your response differs significantly from the correct answer. Rework your…
Assume a length of axon membrane of about 0.10 m is excited by an action potential (length excited = nerve speed x pulse duration = 50.0 m/s x 0.0020 s = 0.10 m). In the resting state, the outer surface of the axon wall is charged positively with K+ ions and the inner
wall has an equal and opposite charge of negative organic ions, as shown in the figure below. Model the axon as a parallel-plate capacitor and take C = KE A/d and Q = CAV to investigate the charge as follows. Use typical values for a cylindrical axon of cell wall thickness
d = 1.3 x 10-8
m, axon radius r = 1.3 × 10¹ μm, and cell-wall dielectric constant x = 2.1.
Positive
charge
layer
Negative
charge
layer
External fluid
+
Axon wall membrane
Internal fluid
Axon radius = r
+
+
How many sodium ions (Na+) is this?
Na+ ions
+
(a) Calculate the positive charge on the outside of a 0.10-m piece of axon when it is not conducting an electric pulse. (Assume an initial potential difference of 7.0 x 10-² V.)
C
How many K+ ions are on…
Assume a length of axon membrane of about 0.10 m is excited by an action potential (length excited = nerve speed x pulse duration = 50.0 m/s x 0.0020 s = 0.10 m). In the resting state, the outer surface of the axon wall is charged positively with K+ ions and the inner wall has an
equal and opposite charge of negative organic ions, as shown in the figure below. Model the axon as a parallel-plate capacitor and take C = K² A/d and Q = CAV to investigate the charge as follows. Use typical values for a cylindrical axon of cell wall thickness d = 2.0 x 10-8 m, axon
radius r = 1.6 x 10¹ μm, and cell-wall dielectric constant k = 2.9.
Positive
charge
layer
Negative
charge
layer
External fluid
Axon wall membrane
Internal fluid
- Axon radius=
d
-2
(a) Calculate the positive charge on the outside of a 0.10-m piece of axon when it is not conducting an electric pulse. (Assume an initial potential difference of 7.0 x 10-² v.)
9.03E-10
C
How many K+ ions are on the outside of the axon assuming an…
Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK COLLEGE PHYSICS
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1CQCh. 23 - Prob. 2CQCh. 23 - Current Iin flows into three resistors connected...Ch. 23 - The circuit in Figure Q23.4 has two resistors,...Ch. 23 - The circuit in Figure Q23.5 has a battery and two...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6CQCh. 23 - Prob. 7CQCh. 23 - In the circuit shown in Figure Q23.6, bulbs A and...Ch. 23 - Figure Q23.7 shows two circuits. The two batteries...Ch. 23 - Figure Q23.8 shows two circuits. The two batteries...
Ch. 23 - a. In Figure Q23.9, what fraction of current I...Ch. 23 - Prob. 12CQCh. 23 - Prob. 13CQCh. 23 - Prob. 14CQCh. 23 - Prob. 15CQCh. 23 - Prob. 16CQCh. 23 - Prob. 17CQCh. 23 - Prob. 18CQCh. 23 - Prob. 19CQCh. 23 - Prob. 20CQCh. 23 - Prob. 21CQCh. 23 - Prob. 22CQCh. 23 - Prob. 23CQCh. 23 - Prob. 24CQCh. 23 - Prob. 25CQCh. 23 - Prob. 26CQCh. 23 - Prob. 27CQCh. 23 - Prob. 28CQCh. 23 - Prob. 29CQCh. 23 - A device to make an electrical measurement of skin...Ch. 23 - Consider the model of nerve conduction in...Ch. 23 - Adding a myelin sheath to an axon results in...Ch. 23 - Prob. 34MCQCh. 23 - Prob. 35MCQCh. 23 - Prob. 36MCQCh. 23 - A metal wire of resistance R is cut into two...Ch. 23 - Prob. 38MCQCh. 23 - Prob. 39MCQCh. 23 - If a cells membrane thickness doubles but the cell...Ch. 23 - If a cells diameter is reduced by 50% without...Ch. 23 - Prob. 42MCQCh. 23 - Draw a circuit diagram tor the circuit of Figure...Ch. 23 - Draw a circuit diagram for the circuit of Figure...Ch. 23 - Draw a circuit diagram for the circuit of Figure...Ch. 23 - In Figure P23.4, what is the current in the wire...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5PCh. 23 - Prob. 6PCh. 23 - a. What are the magnitude and direction of the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 8PCh. 23 - The current in a circuit with only one battery is...Ch. 23 - What is the equivalent resistance of each group of...Ch. 23 - What is the equivalent resistance of each group of...Ch. 23 - Prob. 12PCh. 23 - Prob. 13PCh. 23 - You have a collection of 1.0 k resistors. How can...Ch. 23 - You have a collection of six 1.0 k resistors. What...Ch. 23 - You have six 1.0 k resistors. How can you connect...Ch. 23 - Prob. 17PCh. 23 - Prob. 18PCh. 23 - Prob. 19PCh. 23 - Prob. 20PCh. 23 - Prob. 21PCh. 23 - Prob. 22PCh. 23 - Prob. 23PCh. 23 - Prob. 24PCh. 23 - Prob. 25PCh. 23 - Prob. 26PCh. 23 - Prob. 27PCh. 23 - Prob. 28PCh. 23 - Prob. 29PCh. 23 - Prob. 30PCh. 23 - Prob. 31PCh. 23 - Prob. 32PCh. 23 - Prob. 33PCh. 23 - Prob. 34PCh. 23 - Prob. 35PCh. 23 - A 6.0 F capacitor, a 10 F capacitor, and a 16 F...Ch. 23 - A 6.0 F capacitor, a 10 F capacitor, and a 16 F...Ch. 23 - You need a capacitance of 50 F, but you dont...Ch. 23 - You need a capacitance of 50 F, but you dont...Ch. 23 - Prob. 40PCh. 23 - Prob. 41PCh. 23 - Prob. 42PCh. 23 - Prob. 43PCh. 23 - Prob. 44PCh. 23 - Prob. 45PCh. 23 - Prob. 46PCh. 23 - A 10F capacitor initially charged to 20C is...Ch. 23 - A capacitor charging circuit consists of a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 49PCh. 23 - A 9.0-nm-thick cell membrane undergoes an action...Ch. 23 - A cell membrane has a resistance and a capacitance...Ch. 23 - Changing the thickness of the myelin sheath...Ch. 23 - A particular myelinated axon has nodes spaced 0.80...Ch. 23 - To measure signal propagation in a nerve in the...Ch. 23 - A myelinated axon conducts nerve impulses at a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 56GPCh. 23 - Two 75 W (120 V) lightbulbs are wired in series,...Ch. 23 - Prob. 58GPCh. 23 - A real battery is not just an emf. We can If model...Ch. 23 - Prob. 60GPCh. 23 - Batteries are recharged by connecting them to a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 63GPCh. 23 - Prob. 64GPCh. 23 - Prob. 65GPCh. 23 - Prob. 66GPCh. 23 - What is the ratio P parallel/P series of the total...Ch. 23 - You have a device that needs a voltage reference...Ch. 23 - Prob. 69GPCh. 23 - A circuit youre building needs an ammeter that...Ch. 23 - A circuit youre building needs a voltmeter that...Ch. 23 - For the circuit shown in Figure P23.68, find the...Ch. 23 - You have three 12 F capacitors. Draw diagrams...Ch. 23 - Initially, the switch in Figure P23.70 is in...Ch. 23 - Prob. 75GPCh. 23 - Prob. 76GPCh. 23 - Prob. 77GPCh. 23 - Prob. 78GPCh. 23 - Prob. 79GPCh. 23 - Prob. 80GPCh. 23 - Intermittent windshield wipers use a variable...Ch. 23 - Prob. 82GPCh. 23 - In Example 23.14 we estimated the capacitance of...Ch. 23 - The giant axon of a squid is 0.5 mm in diameter,...Ch. 23 - A cell has a 7.0-nm-thick membrane with a total...Ch. 23 - The Defibrillator A defibrillator is designed to...Ch. 23 - The Defibrillator A defibrillator is designed to...Ch. 23 - The Defibrillator A defibrillator is designed to...Ch. 23 - A defibrillator is designed to pass a large...Ch. 23 - The voltage produced by a single nerve or muscle...Ch. 23 - The voltage produced by a single nerve or muscle...Ch. 23 - The voltage produced by a single nerve or muscle...Ch. 23 - The voltage produced by a single nerve or muscle...
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