EP COSMIC PERSPECTIVE-MOD.MASTERING
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780137453481
Author: Bennett
Publisher: SAVVAS L
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Chapter 23, Problem 50EAP
To determine
To Explain:The rotation curves of galaxies without the need for dark matter.
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Hubble's law. Hubble found that distant galaxies are receding with a velocity proportional to their distance from where we are on Earth. For the ith Galaxy, vi=H0ri
With us at the origin. Show that this recession of the galaxies from us does not imply that we are at the center of the universe. Specifically, take the Galaxy at r1 as a New origin and show that Hubble's law is still obeyed.
How the Hubble law allows you to estimate the distances to galaxies? Explain.
If a galaxy is 9.0 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 488 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)?
km/s/Mpc
What is the Hubble time (in yr)?
years
How old (in yr) would the universe be, assuming space-time is flat and the expansion of the universe has not been accelerating?
How would acceleration change your answer?
A.If the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially younger than the value entered above.
BIf the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially older than the value entered above.
Chapter 23 Solutions
EP COSMIC PERSPECTIVE-MOD.MASTERING
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 23 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 23 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 23 - Prob. 4VSCCh. 23 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 5EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 6EAP
Ch. 23 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 8EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 23 - Explain what we mean when we say that a neutrino...Ch. 23 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 23 - Briefly explain why dark matter is thought to have...Ch. 23 - What do the large-scale structures of the universe...Ch. 23 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 25EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 26EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 23 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 23 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 23 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 23 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 23 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 23 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 23 - Weighing a Cluster. A cluster of galaxies has a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 57EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 58EAPCh. 23 - Prob. 59EAP
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- Hubble's First Attempt. Edwin Hubble's first attempt to measure the universe's expansion rate was flawed because the standard candles he was using were not properly calibrated. Look at (Figure 1) a.Estimate the value of Ho corresponding to the solid line in the figure. Express your answer kilometers per second per million light-years to two significant figures. b.What is the approximate age of the universe indicated by that erroneous value of Ho? Express your answer in years to one significant figure.arrow_forward1. If a galaxy is 9.1 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 511 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)? 2. What is the Hubble time (in yr)? 3. How old (in yr) would the universe be, assuming space-time is flat and the expansion of the universe has not been accelerating?arrow_forwardWhen we observe the most distant galaxies what are we looking at? At galaxies with ages similar to that of the Milky Way, because light travels so quickly that there is no significant time delay. Because of the finite speed of light, we are observing how galaxies looked like in the past. Because of the finite speed of light, we have the opportunity to observe our own galaxy when it started forming in the past. Because of the long light travel time, we are observing old galaxies.arrow_forward
- Suppose we look at two distant galaxies: Galaxy 1 is twice as far away as Galaxy 2. In this case, A. Galaxy 1 must be twice as big as Galaxy 2. B. we are seeing Galaxy 1 as it looked at an earlier time in the history of the universe than Galaxy 2. C. we are seeing Galaxy 1 as it looked at a later time in the history of the universe than Galaxy 2. D. Galaxy 2 must be twice as old as Galaxy 1.arrow_forwardThe Andromeda Galaxy is a member of the Local Group of galaxies. It is approaching us. Does this mean that the Hubble Law is wrong? Why or why not? Explain.arrow_forwardAn astronomer observed the motions of some galaxies. Based on his observations, he made the following statements. Which one of them is most likely to be false? Take Hubble's constant to be 67 km/s/Mpc. A. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 70 km/s is at a distance of about 1 Mpc from us. B. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 700 km/s is at a distance of about 10 Mpc from us. C. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 7000 km/s is at a distance of about 100 Mpc from us. D. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 70000 km/s is at a distance of about 1 Gpc from us. Is the answer D? Thank you!arrow_forward
- The matter density in the Universe today is Pm = -27 kg m-3. What would 2.7 x 10 be the value of the density parameter, 2o, if the Hubble constant had the value Ho = 38 km/s/Mpc? Assume the Universe does not contain dark energy and choose the option below that best matches your answer. Select one: O a. 0.1 O b. 2. О с. 1. O d. 0.7 О е. 0.5arrow_forwardStuck on homework, especially the significant part. If the value of the Hubble constant is 70 kilometers per second per Mpc, then what is the Hubble time – that is, the amount of time the universe has been expanding since the Big Bang? Give your answer first in units of seconds, and then in units of billions of years. Your answer is significant to two digits.arrow_forwardThe Milky Way grew through merging with many smaller galaxies. What are the observational signatures of this process? O The motion of old stars in the bulge and halo of our galaxy are randomly orientated, meaning they were formed from collisions of small, accreted, galaxies all on different paths. O The ordered motion of the bulge / halo stars means that they came from many objects. The random motions of stars in the disk means it was formed from collisions of small, accreted, galaxies. O The motion of young stars in the disk are all in the same direction, meaning they came in as seperate objects.arrow_forward
- If a galaxy is 8.9 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 497 km/s, what is H. (in km/s/Mpc)? km/s/Mрс What is the Hubble time (in yr)? years How old (in yr) would the universe be, assuming space-time is flat and the expansion of the universe has not been accelerating? years How would acceleration change your answer? If the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially younger than the value entered above. If the expansion of the Universe has been accelerating, the Universe could be substantially older than the value entered above.arrow_forwardProblem 5. Galaxy evolution 1. What is galaxy evolution and how can we quantify the evolution of galaxies using luminosity functions? 2. Sketch the cosmic star formation rate history (cosmic star birth history) and clearly indicate the cosmic down, cosmic noon and the present day. 3. Briefly explain the evolution/change of star formation rate over the history of the universe (i.e explain the sketch in 2).arrow_forwardAstronomers now think that there is a black hole with more than 4 milliion times the mass of our Sun at the center of our galaxy? Roughly how large would the event horizon of such a supermassive black hole be? a. the size of our moon b. about 4 light years across c. about 17 times the size of our sun d. about the size of an atom (so much mass really compresses the event horizon) e. this question can't be answered without knowing what kind of stars were swallowed by the black holearrow_forward
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