What is Life? A Guide to Biology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781464135958
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W.H. Freeman & Co
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Chapter 23, Problem 8MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Signals are transmitted from one neuron to another (or to the target tissue) at a specialized site between the two neurons where chemical signal molecules pass from one to the other.
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1..All of the following statements about initiation and transmission of action potentials in neurons are correct EXCEPT:
a)The rate of transmission of an action potential is directly related to the diameter of the axon.
b)Information about the intensity of a stimulus is conveyed by changes in the size of the action potential generated.
c)The resting potential is maintained by differential ion permeabilities and the sodium-potassium pump.
d)Once initiated, local depolarizations stimulate a moving wave of depolarization down the axon.
e)A stimulus to the neuron can either depolarize or hyperpolarize the neuronal membran
2.. Neurotransmitters that affect a neuron's response to other neurotransmitters are called _______.
3.. The key substances that create an action potential are protein channels that move —- out of a cell and —-into a cell.
4.. A cell with a membrane potential of -80 milivolts is?
5.. A gland secreting its product is an example of the —-
6.. If the charge inside…
Which of the following is the role of axonal Calcium (Ca2+) channels in neuronal communication at the synapse?
a) they inhibit the action potential causing it to stop
b) Calcium channels have no role in this process
c) by allowing calcium to exit the cell, they promote the propagation of action potential across the synapse by creating depolarization
d) by blocking calcium entrance, they mediate the contraction of presynaptic axon to facilitate movement
e) when they open, calcium enters the presynaptic terminal, promoting fusion of neurotransmitter vesicles with presynaptic membrane, and release of neurotransmitters to the synaptic cleft
How do neurotransmitters directly affect the postsynaptic neuron? A)They cause a change in the electrical potential, exciting the neuron and causing it to fire b)They cause a change in the electrical potential, either exciting or inhibiting the next neuron. C)They cause a change in the electrical potential, inhibiting the neuron and stopping it from fi d)They connect with the appropriate receptor on the postsynaptic neuron
Chapter 23 Solutions
What is Life? A Guide to Biology
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1SACh. 23 - Prob. 2SACh. 23 - Prob. 3SACh. 23 - Prob. 4SACh. 23 - Prob. 5SACh. 23 - Prob. 6SACh. 23 - Prob. 7SACh. 23 - Prob. 8SACh. 23 - Prob. 9SACh. 23 - Prob. 10SA
Ch. 23 - Prob. 11SACh. 23 - Prob. 12SACh. 23 - Prob. 13SACh. 23 - Prob. 14SACh. 23 - Prob. 15SACh. 23 - Prob. 16SACh. 23 - Prob. 17SACh. 23 - Prob. 18SACh. 23 - Prob. 19SACh. 23 - Prob. 20SACh. 23 - Prob. 1MCCh. 23 - Prob. 2MCCh. 23 - Prob. 3MCCh. 23 - Prob. 4MCCh. 23 - Prob. 5MCCh. 23 - Prob. 6MCCh. 23 - Prob. 7MCCh. 23 - Prob. 8MCCh. 23 - Prob. 9MCCh. 23 - Prob. 10MCCh. 23 - Prob. 11MCCh. 23 - Prob. 12MCCh. 23 - Prob. 13MCCh. 23 - Prob. 14MCCh. 23 - Prob. 15MCCh. 23 - Prob. 16MC
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- 39) what happens when the neurotransmitter binding causes Na to move into the post synaptic cell? a) neither of these b) IPSP c) EPSP d) both of thesearrow_forwardWhen a neuron fires an action potential, closing of the voltage-gated Na+ channels helps to bring an end to _________. A) the depolarizing phase of the action potential B) the repolarizing phase of the action potential C) graded potential changes D) the resting potential E) vesicle fusion at the synapsearrow_forward55) normally, which of the following will happen after a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor? a) it closes an ion channel b) it binds to another receptor c) it is degraded by enzymes d) it remains in synaptic cleftarrow_forward
- The Na+/K+ pump is important for ________ in neurons. A) the depolarizing phase of the action potential B) the repolarizing phase of the action potential C) establishing myelination D) establishing the resting potential E) generating ATParrow_forwardInhibitory neurotransmitters are expected to A) close potassium channels.B) hyperpolarize the postsynaptic membrane.C) close chloride channels.D) open sodium channels.E) hyperpolarize the presynaptic membrane.arrow_forwardNerve membrane hyperpolarization after an action potential a)Is the movement of membrane potential voltage below normal resting potential voltage. b) This Is mostly due to the slow-closing of K+ channels. c)Makes it more difficult to evoke another action potential. d) This Is mostly due to the slow-closing of Na+ channels.arrow_forward
- 1) State whether the property described below is one of electrical synapses, chemical synapses, or both a) Unidirectionalb) Intercellular communicationc) Ionotropic receptorsd) Connected by gap channelse) Quantal release of neurotransmittersf) Regulation of ion transportg) Negligible synaptic delaye) Bidirectionalf) Activation of secondary messengersarrow_forward38) conduction velocity in an axon depends on which of the following? a) how much myelin the axon has b) the resistance in the axoplasm C) all of these d) how large the diameter of the axon isarrow_forwardPlease answer 3) Which of the following keeps the impulse traveling in one direction down the axon? a) inactivation of voltage-gated Na+ channels b) the nodes of Ranvier c) the magnitude of the action potential (+30 mV) d) the myelin sheatharrow_forward
- A sodium channel in a nerve membrane a)Inactivation gate closes when the membrane reaches ~+30 mV. b)Opens and closes quickly. c)Activation gate opens when the membrane reaches threshold voltage. d)'Resets' when the membrane reaches resting potential .arrow_forwardSaltatory conduction is a term applied to the "jumping" movement of action potentials Multiple Choice a) along the postsynaptic membrane from dendrite to axon hillock. b) along myelinated axons. c) from one neuron to another. d) in two directions at the same time. e) across electrical synapses.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following is not a criterion for small neurotransmitter (NT) status? a) postsynaptic receptor sites b) it is isolated from the presynaptic cytoplasmic terminal c) predictable amount of its release d) evidence of mechanism for inactivation and termination of its biological activityarrow_forward
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