Chapter 24, Problem 24.28QP

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure for trans-2-pentene has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC Nomenclature:

• The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms is identified.
• The substituent groups attached to the parent chain is identified. A substituent group contains group of atoms attached to the carbon atom of the chain.
• While numbering the longest chain, the substituent should get least possible number.
• Write the name of the compound; the parent name written as last part of the name. The name of the substituents is written as prefix and a hypen separates the number that the substituents attached with carbon. More than one substituent should be written in alphabetical order.

Geometric isomers of Alkenes:

Cis-isomer: When two particular atoms (group of atoms) are adjacent to each other, the alkene is known as cis-isomer.

Trans-isomer: When two particular atoms (group of atoms) are across from each other, the alkene is known as cis-isomer.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure for 2-ethyl-1-butene has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC Nomenclature:

• The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms is identified.
• The substituent groups attached to the parent chain is identified. A substituent group contains group of atoms attached to the carbon atom of the chain.
• While numbering the longest chain, the substituent should get least possible number.
• Write the name of the compound; the parent name written as last part of the name. The name of the substituents is written as prefix and a hyphen separates the number that the substituents attached with carbon. More than one substituent should be written in alphabetical order.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure for 4-ethyl-trans-2-heptene has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC Nomenclature:

• The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms is identified.
• The substituent groups attached to the parent chain is identified. A substituent group contains group of atoms attached to the carbon atom of the chain.
• While numbering the longest chain, the substituent should get least possible number.
• Write the name of the compound; the parent name written as last part of the name. The name of the substituents is written as prefix and a hyphen separates the number that the substituents attached with carbon. More than one substituent should be written in alphabetical order.

Geometric isomers of Alkenes:

Cis-isomer: When two particular atoms (group of atoms) are adjacent to each other, the alkene is known as cis-isomer.

Trans-isomer: When two particular atoms (group of atoms) are across from each other, the alkene is known as cis-isomer.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure for 3-phenyl-butyne has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC Nomenclature:

• The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms is identified.
• The substituent groups attached to the parent chain is identified. A substituent group contains group of atoms attached to the carbon atom of the chain.
• While numbering the longest chain, the substituent should get least possible number.
• Write the name of the compound; the parent name written as last part of the name by replacing ‘ane’ to ‘ene’. The name of the substituents is written as prefix and a hyphen separates the number that the substituents attached with carbon. More than one substituent should be written in alphabetical order.