EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220103935432
Author: Sadava
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 24, Problem 4Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The meaning of the statement “absence of evidence is not evidence of absence” in relation to the study of fossils of the Ediacaran biota.
Introduction:
The absence of evidence is the absence of proof of the object of interest. It means that there is no such evidence for that particular phase or state. On the other hand, evidence of absence refers that there is proof of the absence of the evidence.
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Identify factors that promote or inhibit fossilization.
Promote
Inhibit
Answer Bank
low levels of environmental oxygen
sun, wind, and rain
rapid burial
aquatic environment
scavengers absent
bacteria present
Distinguish between relative and absolute dating of fossils
Preserved remains of animals e.g. bones and shells are examples of trace fossils
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EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
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- The fossil record (a) usually occurs in sedimentary rock (b) sometimes appears fragmentary (c) is relatively complete for tropical rainforest organisms but incomplete for aquatic organisms (d) a and b (e) a, b, and carrow_forwardChoose 1 organism below and propose a method of fossilization that most appropriately matches the process needed to preserve the organism. Be sure to include the name of the organism you chose, the fossilization method or type of fossil that would form, and describe the fossilization process for that particular method/type. Organism 1 - A bird's footprints Organism 2 - A section of a tree trunk Organism 3 - An entire bee Organism 4 - The shell of a nautilus (a present-day sea animal similar to an extinct ammonite) Organism 5 - An entire polar beararrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true for relative dating methods: A. Relies on observational skills B. Includes stratigraphy which is based on ordered layers that build up over time C. Determines if one artifact or fossil is older than another D. Gives you specific dates of the artifact or fossilarrow_forward
- Comparison of carbon -14 and nitrogen -14 in sample Age of fossils in yearsarrow_forwardFigure 5 illustrates the distribution of fossils in undisturbed layers of silt at the bottom of the ocean. Which statement is true based on Figure 5? Figure 5 Ocean Layer A Layer B Layer Carrow_forwardE. Evidence from Biogeography Biogeography is the study of geographical distribution of fossils and living organisms. Organisms usually arise in areas where similar forms already exist. Closely related species are usually found in areas that are geographically close to each other. Similar organisms may also be found in different locations which could mean that the two places were previously connected. Observe the illustrations below. cassowary ostrich Africa Giant Pangolin South America Papua New Guinea Giant Armadillo North America kiwi Australla Spiny Anteater Oceania Giant Anteater rhea emu South America New Zealand 1. Explain why unrelated species from different regions around the world look alike.arrow_forward
- Part 1. Stratigraphic Dating: A Café Scene Relative dating methods establish the date of something as older or younger than something else rather than anchoring its age to an absolute, scaled timeline, as in absolute dating. So, we determine the sequence of at least two things (two events, two deposits, etc.) and establish what happened first, what happened next, and so on. In archaeology, relative dating relies on stratigraphy—what material is located above or below something else. The Law of Superposition tells us that material positioned underneath something else is usually older and material overlying a deposit is younger than the deposit, unless the layers have been disturbed. The photos that you will be shown depict a collection of items on a table: a cup, saucer, newspaper, and tickets. Imagine that these items are part of a single context such as a layer in an excavation and you want to determine whether they were deposited all at once as a single event or one after the other…arrow_forward12. TRUE OR FALSE: Radiometric dating measures the decay of radioactive isotopes present in layers where fossils are found.arrow_forwardRelative dating of sedimentary rocks allows scientists to assign specific dates to fossils. True O Falsearrow_forward
- describe the role of fossils in historical biogeographyarrow_forwardTrue or false? Wrinkly textures in rock that formed from ancient biofilms living in marine sediments are considered trace fossils.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE about the fossilization proccess: A. a stable enviornment is important B. wetlands are a good area for preservation C. sediment accumulation is necessary D. all of the abovearrow_forward
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