Concept explainers
The motion of a damped spring-mass system (Fig. P25.16) is described by the following ordinary
where
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 25 Solutions
EBK NUMERICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS
Additional Engineering Textbook Solutions
Fundamentals of Differential Equations (9th Edition)
Advanced Engineering Mathematics
Basic Technical Mathematics
Elementary Algebra
- 23:38 Fri 22 Jul Q6. 4 of 6 Q6. Cont. library.qol.qub.ac.uk - Private Q7. An engineer is designing a pressure vessel, and selects an initial concept design consisting of a cylinder or length L, and radius r, both measured in metres, as shown in figure Q6. The volume of the vessel should be 1200 litres. The wall of the vessel will be a constant thickness throughout. The engineer wants to minimise the amount of material used in order to minimise the cost. 4% 1 [1 marks] Figure Q6 (a) Determine expressions for the surface area and the volume of the tank in L. Hence find an expression for surface area in terms of r only. Q6. Cont./ MEE1001/2021 rms of r and [4 marks] (b) Determine the combination of radius and length that will require the minimum amount of material to be used. You should use an appropriate method to verify that it is a minimum. [10 marks]arrow_forwardA mechanical system is presented as below. There are four simulation graphs for different values for m, b and c tested for a step response. Identify the graph for m=4 kg, b=0.3 N.s/m and k=1 N/m (Hint: you may need to use matlab simulation to find it). m 1.8 1.6 1.4 b ·f(t) Step Responsearrow_forwardThe relative displacement u(t) of a single-storey shear building subjected to an earthquake ground motion is represented by the following second-order linear ordinary differential equation: d?u dt2 du + c + ku = a, (t) m dt where m, c, and k are the mass (kg), damping constant (Ns/m), and stiffness of the structure (N/m), respectively. Meanwhile, a,(t) is the function of earthquake ground acceleration. Suppose the building with a mass of 2000 kg and supported by columns of combined stiffness of 32 x 103 N/m is subjected to earthquake with ground acceleration given by the following function: ag(t) = 36000 cos 2t Find the equation of the displacement, u(t), given the damping is not installed to the building. Then, find how much the building is displaced from t =30 seconds to t =60 seconds of earthquake.arrow_forward
- Harmonic oscillators. One of the simplest yet most important second-order, linear, constant- coefficient differential equations is the equation for a harmonic oscilator. This equation models the motion of a mass attached to a spring. The spring is attached to a vertical wall and the mass is allowed to slide along a horizontal track. We let z denote the displacement of the mass from its natural resting place (with x > 0 if the spring is stretched and x 0 is the damping constant, and k> 0 is the spring constant. Newton's law states that the force acting on the oscillator is equal to mass times acceleration. Therefore the differential equation for the damped harmonic oscillator is mx" + bx' + kr = 0. (1) k Lui Assume the mass m = 1. (a) Transform Equation (1) into a system of first-order equations. (b) For which values of k, b does this system have complex eigenvalues? Repeated eigenvalues? Real and distinct eigenvalues? (c) Find the general solution of this system in each case. (d)…arrow_forwardis a mass hanging by a spring under the influence of gravity. The force due to gravity, Fg, is acting in the negative-y direction. The dynamic variable is y. On the left, the system is shown without spring deflection. On the right, at the beginning of an experiment, the mass is pushed upward (positive-y direction) by an amount y₁. The gravitational constant g, is 9.81 m/s². DO C.D Frontly у Your tasks: No Deflection m k Fg = mg Initial Condition y m k Write down an expression for the total energy If as the sum Write down an expression for the total energy H Fg = mg Figure 3: System schematic for Problem 4. Yi & X Write down, in terms of the variables given, the total potential energy stored in the system when it is held in the initial condition, relative to the system with no deflection. as the sum of potential and kinetic energy in terms of y, y, yi C After the system is released, it will start to move. Write down an expression for the kinetic energy of the system, T, in terms of…arrow_forwardis a mass hanging by a spring under the influence of gravity. The force due to gravity, Fg, is acting in the negative-y direction. The dynamic variable is y. On the left, the system is shown without spring deflection. On the right, at the beginning of an experiment, the mass is pushed upward (positive-y direction) by an amount y₁. The gravitational constant g, is 9.81 m/s². No Deflection m k Fg = mg Initial Condition m k Fg = mg Figure 3: System schematic for Problem 4. Yi 8 Your tasks: A Write down, in terms of the variables given, the total potential energy stored in the system when it is held in the initial condition, relative to the system with no deflection. B Write down an expression for the total energy H as the sum of potential and kinetic energy in terms of y, y, yi and element parameters. Will H change as the mass moves? C After the system is released, it will start to move. Write down an expression for the kinetic energy of the system, T, in terms of position, y, the initial…arrow_forward
- The stress profile shown below is applied to six different biological materials: Log Time (s] The mechanical behavior of each of the materials can be modeled as a Voigt body. In response to o,= 20 Pa applied to each of the six materials, the following responses are obtained: 2 of Maferial 6 Material 5 0.12 0.10 Material 4 0.08 Material 3 0.06 0.04 Material 2 0.02 Material 1 (a) Which of the materials has the highest Young's Modulus (E)? Why? Log Time (s) (b) Using strain value of 0.06, estimate the coefficient of viscosity (n) for Material 6. Stress (kPa) Strainarrow_forwardT'sec In helical spring experiment a student plotted the graph of T2 versus the oscillating mass (M), and Used the slope to find the spring :constant, the value of k is 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 O. O a. 13.3 N/m O b. 6.8N/m O c. 5 N/m O d. 3.3 N/m O e. 24 N/m 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 M (9) 70 75 80arrow_forwardAccording to the Law of Cooling of Bodies, the rate of change in a body's temperature over time is proportional to the difference between the body's temperature and the ambient temperature. Consider that T(t) is the body temperature as a function of time, A is the ambient temperature, t is time and k is the proportionality constant. In this context, the mathematical model corresponding to the Law of Cooling of Bodies and the function resulting from its resolution are given, respectively. Check the equation that describes this phenomenon and explain the reason for your answer. dT :-k(T – A); T(t) = (T(0) – A)e¯# + A dt dT = k(T – A); T(t) = (T(0) – A)e*“ + A dt dT :-k(T – A); T(t) = e* + A dt dT = k(T – A); T(t) = e- + A dt dT = k(T – A); T(t) = e“ + A dtarrow_forward
- A velocity of a vehicle is required to be controlled and maintained constant even if there are disturbances because of wind, or road surface variations. The forces that are applied on the vehicle are the engine force (u), damping/resistive force (b*v) that opposing the motion, and inertial force (m*a). A simplified model is shown in the free body diagram below. From the free body diagram, the ordinary differential equation of the vehicle is: m * dv(t)/ dt + bv(t) = u (t) Where: v (m/s) is the velocity of the vehicle, b [Ns/m] is the damping coefficient, m [kg] is the vehicle mass, u [N] is the engine force. Question: Assume that the vehicle initially starts from zero velocity and zero acceleration. Then, (Note that the velocity (v) is the output and the force (w) is the input to the system): 1. What is the order of this system?arrow_forwardA velocity of a vehicle is required to be controlled and maintained constant even if there are disturbances because of wind, or road surface variations. The forces that are applied on the vehicle are the engine force (u), damping/resistive force (b*v) that opposing the motion, and inertial force (m*a). A simplified model is shown in the free body diagram below. From the free body diagram, the ordinary differential equation of the vehicle is: m * dv(t)/ dt + bv(t) = u (t) Where: v (m/s) is the velocity of the vehicle, b [Ns/m] is the damping coefficient, m [kg] is the vehicle mass, u [N] is the engine force. Question: Assume that the vehicle initially starts from zero velocity and zero acceleration. Then, (Note that the velocity (v) is the output and the force (w) is the input to the system): A. Use Laplace transform of the differential equation to determine the transfer function of the system.arrow_forwardlail - Ahmed Amro Hussein Ali A x n Course: EN7919-Thermodynamic x Homework Problerns(First Law)_S x noodle/pluginfile.php/168549/mod_resource/content/1/Homework%20Problems%28First%20Law%29_SOLUTIONS.pdf UTIONS.pdf 4 / 4 100% Problem-4: When a system is taken from a state-a to a state-b, the figure along path a-c-b, 84 kJ of heat flow into the system, and the system does 32 kJ of work. (i) How much will the heat that flows into the system along the path a-d-b be, if the work done is 10.5 kJ? (Answer: 62.5 kJ) (ii) When the system is returned from b to a along the curved path, the work done on the system is 21 kJ. Does the system absorb or liberate heat, and how much? (Answer:-73 k]) (iii) If Ua = 0 andU, = 42kJ , find the heat absorbed in the processes ad and db. (Answer: 52.5 kJ, 10 kJ)arrow_forward
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY