Introduction:
The body fluids, electrolytes, and the acid-base homeostasis have an important role in the human body. These components help in the muscle tissue, nervous tissue, maintained by the respiratory system and involved in the digestive and urinary system of the body. Body fluids are the materials, which have water as their main component.
Answer to Problem 1CYR
Correct answer:
The amount of a variable that is gained by the body through ingestion equals the amount that is lost from the body.
Explanation of Solution
Justification/ Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (a) states that the amount of a variable that is gained by the body through ingestion equals the amount that is lost from the body. The principle of mass balance states that the amount gained and lost by the body must be equal. The principle of mass balance is followed by water in the human body. The principle depends upon multiple factors such as ingestion, physical activity, digestive activities, kidney functions, and medications. Hence, option (a) is correct.
Explanation for the incorrect answer:
Option (b) states that the body maintains a stable mass at all times. The principle of mass balance states that the amount of material gained by the body is equal to the amount of material lost by the body. The principle does not state that the body maintains a stable mass at all times. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (c) states that the amount of each variable brought into the body must be balanced by all other variables. The principle of mass balance states that the amount of variable gained by the body is equal to the amount of variable lost by the human body. The amount of each variable brought into the body cannot be balanced by all other variables. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (d) states that the amount of a variable ingested is regulated by a positive feedback loop. The principle of mass balance does not state that the amount of variable ingested is regulated by a positive feedback loop. So, it is an incorrect option.
Hence, options (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.
Therefore, it can be concluded the amount of a variable that is gained by the body through ingestion equals the amount that is lost from the body is the best description of the principle of mass balance. Water is the only body fluid, which follows this principle.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 25 Solutions
EBK HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
- Sweating is an example of variable. It is also an example of negative feedback mechanism. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false c. First is true, Second is false d. First is false, Second is truearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not true? a. Essential nutrients can be synthesized by the body. b. Vitamins are required in small quantities for bodily function. c. Some amino acids can be synthesized by the body, while others need to be obtained from diet. d. Vitamins come in two categories: fat-soluble and water-soluble.arrow_forwardLong-term TPN may result in an irreversible complication such as: O a. Electrolyte imbalances. O b. Hypertriglyceridemia c. gallbladder disease. d. Liver disease.arrow_forward
- Which of the following mechanisms could both be used by the body to increase body temperature if a person forgets a coat on a cold day? A. Superficial blood vessels dilate, and the thyroid decreases metabolism. B. Superficial blood vessels constrict, and the thyroid decreases metabolism. C. Superficial blood vessels dilate, and the thyroid increases metabolism. D. Superficial blood vessels constrict, and the thyroid increases metabolism.arrow_forwardIn the following examples, a state of affairs is described. Devise two theories to explain each one. Include one theory that you consider plausible and one theory that you think is not plausible. Scientists have discovered that there is a direct correlation between fat in people’s diets and heart disease. The more fat, the greater the risk of heart disease.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of negative feedback? A. High blood sugar will increase the viscosity of blood plasma (plasma is concentrated). In response, water is drawn into the plasma from surrounding tissues in order to dilute the plasma B. Breathing rate increases during exercise to provide more oxygen to muscle cells. Heart rate also increase to increase the speed at which the oxygen is delivered. C. During digestion cells in the stomach produce HCl to begin breaking down proteins, the HCl then stimulates the release of pepsin, to continue breaking down proteins. D. In the immune system, antibodies produced by B-cells bind to antigens, which activates other B-cells to produce antibodies of the same kind.arrow_forward
- which of the following situations illustrates that a homeostatic mechanism is not operating properly? a. acute high blood pressure b. normalized blood glucose levels c. dailt fluid intake equals dailty fluid output d. all of these illustrate homestatic mechanisms operating properlyarrow_forwardAlbumin: Choose best answer A. is produced by the liver B. helps to maintain body water within the blood vessels C. helps to maintain body water within the blood vessels, is produced by the liver, and is a formed element of the blood D. is a formed element of the blood E. both helps to maintain body water within the blood vessels and is produced by the liverarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a correct statement about endothermic organisms? A. Compared to ectotherms, since they cannot have their internal body temperature leave the thermoneutral zone, they are limited with regard to the types of environments they can live in. B. Endotherms do not typically use passive mechanisms for thermoregulation, such as insulation, because they utilize metabolic energy to control body temperature. C. The trait of endothermicity is a derived characteristic in mammalian animals and is not seen in other phylogenetic branches in the Metazoan Clade. D. All endotherms possess sweat glands, which allow them to conduct evaporative cooling to lower their body temperature when needed. E. None of the abovearrow_forward
- Which one of the following statements about protein nutrition is correct? Select one: a. All dietary proteins have the same amino acid content and composition. b. The requirement for dietary protein is for individual amino acids, not simply the total amount of protein in the diet. c. For an adult in nitrogen equilibrium there is only a small requirement for an intake of protein since amino acids arising from tissue protein catabolism are available for new protein synthesis. d. There is a requirement for dietary protein, but it is unimportant which protein is consumed.arrow_forwardThe hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most body cells. Its secretion is controlled by a negative-feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct? A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further towers blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn lowers blood glucose concentration. A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn increases blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further increases blood glucose concentration. None of the preceding is correct.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is incorrect? Select one: O a. ADH regulates the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys O b. ADH is also known as vasopressin O c. without ADH, the proximal parts of the nephron are impermeable to water O d. ADH is synthesised in the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland O e. ADH plays a key role in the homeostatic process called osmoregulationarrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax CollegeHuman Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning