(a)
Interpretation: The nitro compound, nitrile and amide which are reduced to given amine are to be determined.
Concept introduction: The synthesis of amine can be carried out by reduction of nitro compounds, nitriles and amides. Nitro compounds can be reduced to
(b)
Interpretation: The nitro compound, nitrile and amide which are reduced to given amine are to be determined.
Concept introduction: The synthesis of amine can be carried out by reduction of nitro compounds, nitriles and amides. Nitro compounds can be reduced to amines using catalytic hydrogenation or iron/palladium metal in presence of acid. Nitriles and amides are reduced to primary amines using lithium aluminium hydride.
(c)
Interpretation: The nitro compound, nitrile and amide which are reduced to given amine are to be determined.
Concept introduction: The synthesis of amine can be carried out by reduction of nitro compounds, nitriles and amides. Nitro compounds can be reduced to amines using catalytic hydrogenation or iron/palladium metal in presence of acid. Nitriles and amides are reduced to primary amines using lithium aluminium hydride.
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ORGANIC CHEM.(LL)W/STD GDE.+CONNECT PKG
- Draw structures for compounds A–F.arrow_forwardIndinavir (trade name Crixivan) is a drug used to treat HIV. (a) At which sites can indinavir hydrogen bond to another molecule like itself? (b) At which sites can indinavir hydrogen bond to water?arrow_forwardWhat amide(s) can be used to prepare each amine by reduction?arrow_forward
- Cocaine is a widely abused, addicting drug. Cocaine is usually obtainedas its hydrochloride salt (cocaine hydrochloride) but can be converted tocrack (the neutral organic molecule) by treatment with base. How does the relative solubility explain why crack is usuallysmoked but cocaine hydrochloride is injected directly into thebloodstream?arrow_forwardDraw a stepwise mechanism for the following hydrolysis.arrow_forwardSafrole, which is isolated from sassafras, can be converted to the illegal stimulant MDMA (3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine, “Ecstasy”) by a variety of methods. (a) Devise a synthesis that begins with safrole and uses a nucleophilic substitution reaction to introduce the amine. (b) Devise a synthesis that begins with safrole and uses reductive amination to introduce the amine.arrow_forward
- a) Label the hemiacetal in glucosamine, available in overthe-counter remedies for the treatment of osteoarthritis. (b) Label all the other functional groups in glucosamine.arrow_forwardwhy pyrazole is more basic than pyridine?arrow_forwardDraw a stepwise mechanism for the sulfonation of an alkyl benzene such as A to form asubstituted benzenesulfonic acid B. Treatment of B with base forms a sodium salt C that canbe used as a synthetic detergent to clean away dirt.arrow_forward
- What product is formed when a solution of A to B is treated with mild base? This reaction is the first step in the synthesis of rosuvastatin (sold as a calcium salt under the trade name Crestor), a drug used to treat patients with high cholesterol.arrow_forwardDecide which N atom in each molecule is most basic and draw the product formed when each compound is treated with CH3CO2H. Zolpidem (trade name Ambien) is used to treat insomnia, whereas aripiprazole (trade name Abilify) is used to treat depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorders.arrow_forwardIdentify compound A, B, C, and Darrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning