Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321967671
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 2SQ
Summary Introduction
Concept introduction: Hormones are ligands secreted by the endocrine system that induces gene regulation. Hormones are of two types: steroid hormones and protein hormones. Protein hormones are watersoluble and cannot pass through the plasma membrane. They have their receptor on the plasma membrane. Steroid hormones are lipidsoluble and can pass through the plasma membrane. They have their receptors on the nuclear membrane.
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Which of the following statements about insulin is true?
a. Insulin acts as a transport protein, cany in g glucose across the cell
membrane.
b. Insulin facilitates the movement of inti acellular glucose transporters to the cell membrane. c. Insulin stimulates the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose.
d. Insulin stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb glucose into the
bloodstream.
Which of the following statements concerning insulin is NOT true?
a.
Insulin can increase glycogen synthesis.
b.
The presence of insulin can increase glucose uptake.
c.
Insulin can increase the secretion of epinephrine.
d.
It is secreted by the beta cell of pancreas.
e.
Glucose in blood can up-regulate the secretion of insulin.
ndicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement or provide a briefexplanation for why it is false.a. Insulin increases the rate of glucose uptake by the tissues.b. Glucagon is the hormone that signals low blood glucose levels.c. The muscles can use glucose, fatty acids and ketone bodies for fuel.d. Epinephrine stimulates breakdown of glycogen in muscles when there is an immediate needfor energy by muscle cells.e. Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis to maintain the blood glucose concentration.f. With high [carbohydrate] levels, excess glucose (after glycogen storage has reached amaximum) is converted to fat.g. The high potential electrons of NADH enter the respiratory chain at NADH-Q reductase.h. Ubiquinol (QH2) is also the entry point for electrons from NADH of flavoproteins.i. Cytochrome reductase catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to O2.
Chapter 25 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
Ch. 25 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2SQCh. 25 - Explain how the same hormone can have different...Ch. 25 - Which of the following controls the activity of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 5SQCh. 25 - A patient comes to a local health clinic with a...Ch. 25 - Prob. 7SQCh. 25 - Your roommate has just been diagnosed as...Ch. 25 - Prob. 9SQCh. 25 - Prob. 10SQ
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- Which of the following correctly describes the hormone insulin? a. It is produced by B cells in the pancreas. b. It increases glucose uptake by liver and muscle cells. c. It is a peptide hormone. d. It lowers blood glucose levels. e. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardThe formation and release of hormones from a cell or structure is calleda. digestion.b. excretion.c. synthesis.d. secretion.arrow_forwardWhich of these statements about the hormone insulin is true? a.It is secreted by alpha cells in the pancreatic islets. b.It is secreted in response to a rise in blood glucose. c.It stimulates the production of glycogen and fat. d.Both a and b are true. e.Both b and c are true.arrow_forward
- When the pancreas releases insulin, it causes a. amino acid uptake in muscle. b. hepatocytes to form glycogen from glucose. c. lipogenesis in adipocytes. d. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardDiabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by the: a. inadequate production of insulin in the body. b. rapid break down of carbohydrates in the body. c. excessive movement of blood glucose into various body cells. d. failure of the body to produce ketonesarrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes calcitonin? A. It's released by the adrenal medulla. B. It functions to prevent hypercalcemia C. It's released by the parathyroid glands D. It functions to prevent hypocalcemia .arrow_forward
- An elderly gentleman has recently been diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver. He admits to being a heavy drinker. This man is your patient. Given the damage to his liver, you would have concerns about all of the following except a. regulating his ability to maintain body temperature, because of decreased thyroid hormone levels. b. internal bleeding, because he has impaired ability to synthesize clotting proteins. c. edema, because of impaired synthesis of plasma proteins (e.g., albumin). d. jaundice, because his liver is less efficient at removing bilirubin from the blood.arrow_forwardA.Where are glucocorticoids made? (cells, organ) B.What organ/or cells secrete them? (may differ from site of formation) C.What stimulates their secretion? Explain negative feedback control of secretion. D.Where do they work (target) E.What do they regulate: physiological outcome?arrow_forwardWhich of the following classes of compounds stimulates the release of insulin from pancreatic β-cells? a. Thiourylenes b. Biguanides c. Progestins d. Sulfonylureas e. α-Glucosides inhibitorsarrow_forward
- Which hormone is produced by cell in the stomach?A. InsulinB. MelatoninC. GastrinD. Secretinarrow_forwardA patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the medical unit with pneumonia. The patient's oral antidiabetic medication has been discontinued and the patient is now receiving insulin for glucose control. Which of the following statements best explains the rationale for this change in medication? acute illness like pneumonia will cause increased insulin resistance b. stress-related states such as infections increase risk of hyperglycaemia c. insulin administration will help prevent hypoglycaemia during the illness d. infection has compromised beta cell function so the patient will need insulin from now onarrow_forwardHormone X appears to regulate the blood concentration of chemical Y via a negative feedback loop. a. Predict what happens to the secretion of hormone X when the blood concentration of chemical Y decreases. b. What effect will this likely have on the blood concentration of chemical Y?c. Predict what happens to the secretion of hormone X when the blood concentration of chemical Y increases.arrow_forward
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