Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition and Study Guide and Student's Solutions Manual for Organic Chemistry (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133903652
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 25, Problem 58P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The coenzymes required in the given conversions of the fatty acid metabolic process should be given.
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Most fatty acids have an even number of carbons and, therefore, are completely metabolized to acetyl-CoA. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. The following two reactions convert propionyl-CoA into succinyl-CoA, a citric acid cycle intermediate, so it can be further metabolized. Each of the reactions requires a coenzyme. Identify the coenzyme for each step. From what vitamins are the coenzymes derived?
Under conditions of starvation, acetyl-CoA, instead of being degraded in the citric acid cycle, is converted to acetone and 3-hydroxybutyrate, compounds called ketone bodies that the brain can use as a temporary fuel. Show how the ketone bodies are formed.
Consider the docosanoic acid, C21H43CO2H
Label the alpha and beta Carbons.
Draw each acyl CoA derived from this fatty acid.
How many acetyl Co A molecules are formed by complete beta-oxidation?
How many cycles of beta-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation?
How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid? Show the complete computation.
How many moles of ATP per gram of fatty acid is formed from the complete catabolism of the given fatty acid?
What is the molar mass of the given fatty acid?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition and Study Guide and Student's Solutions Manual for Organic Chemistry (7th Edition)
Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 2PCh. 25.6 - Prob. 3PCh. 25.6 - Why does the OH group add to the -carbon rather...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 5PCh. 25.6 - How many molecules of NADH are formed from the...Ch. 25.7 - Prob. 7PCh. 25.7 - Prob. 8PCh. 25.7 - The oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to...Ch. 25.7 - Prob. 10PCh. 25.8 - Prob. 11P
Ch. 25.8 - Prob. 12PCh. 25.8 - Prob. 13PCh. 25.8 - Propose a mechanism for the reduction of...Ch. 25.9 - Prob. 15PCh. 25.9 - Prob. 16PCh. 25.10 - Acid-catalyzed dehydration reactions are normally...Ch. 25.10 - Prob. 18PCh. 25.10 - Prob. 19PCh. 25.10 - Acid-catalyzed dehydration reactions are normally...Ch. 25.10 - Prob. 21PCh. 25.10 - Prob. 22PCh. 25.11 - Prob. 23PCh. 25.12 - a. What is the name of the enzyme that converts...Ch. 25.15 - Prob. 25PCh. 25.16 - Prob. 26PCh. 25.16 - Prob. 27PCh. 25.17 - Propose mechanisms for the Claisen condensation...Ch. 25.17 - Prob. 29PCh. 25.17 - Propose a mechanism for the conversion of...Ch. 25.17 - Propose a mechanism for the biosynthesis of...Ch. 25.17 - Propose a mechanism for the conversion of the E...Ch. 25.17 - The fluoro-substitued geranyl pyrophosphate shown...Ch. 25.17 - Prob. 35PCh. 25.18 - Draw the individual 1,2-hydride and 1,2-methyl...Ch. 25 - Prob. 38PCh. 25 - Prob. 39PCh. 25 - Prob. 40PCh. 25 - Prob. 41PCh. 25 - Prob. 42PCh. 25 - Prob. 43PCh. 25 - Prob. 44PCh. 25 - Prob. 45PCh. 25 - Prob. 46PCh. 25 - Prob. 47PCh. 25 - Prob. 48PCh. 25 - Prob. 49PCh. 25 - Prob. 50PCh. 25 - Prob. 51PCh. 25 - Prob. 52PCh. 25 - Prob. 53PCh. 25 - Prob. 54PCh. 25 - Prob. 55PCh. 25 - Prob. 56PCh. 25 - Prob. 57PCh. 25 - Prob. 58PCh. 25 - Prob. 59PCh. 25 - Prob. 60PCh. 25 - Prob. 61PCh. 25 - Prob. 62PCh. 25 - UDP-galactose-4-epimerase converts UDP-galactose...Ch. 25 - A student is trying to determine the mechanism for...Ch. 25 - What would be the results of the experiment in...Ch. 25 - Prob. 66PCh. 25 - Propose a mechanism for the biosynthesis of...Ch. 25 - Eudesmol is a sesquiterpene found in eucalyptus....
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- How many turns of the -oxidation pathway would be needed to degrade each of the following fatty acids to acetyl CoA? a. 20:0 fatty acid b. 10:0 fatty acidarrow_forwarddraw and Identify different types of organic reaction mechanims in the following metabolic pathways. Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA Citric acid cycle Gluconeogenesis pathway (pyruvate to glucose) Catabolism of triacylglycerols- beta-oxidation pathway Biosynthesis of fatty acids from Acetyl CoA Glycolysis (from glucose to two molecules of pyruvate)arrow_forwardHow many molecules of CO2 are obtained from the complete metabolism of one molecule of a 16-carbon saturated fatty acyl-CoA?arrow_forward
- The catabolism of several amino acids generates succinyl-CoA. Describe the series of reactions that are required to convert mitochondrial succinyl-CoA to cytosolic oxaloacetate that can be used for gluconeogenesis.arrow_forwardAcyl-CoA synthase is the enzyme that activates a fatty acid by converting it to a fatty acyl-CoA in a series of two reactions. In the first reaction, the fatty acid reacts with ATP and one of the products formed is ADP. The other product reacts in a second reaction with CoASH to form the fatty acyl-CoA. Propose a mechanism for each of the reactions.arrow_forwardHow many molecules of acetyl-CoA are obtained from the b-oxidation of one molecule of a 16-carbon saturated fatty acyl-CoA?arrow_forward
- How many molecules of acetyl-CoA are obtained from the beta-oxidation of one molecule of a 16-carbon saturated fatty acyl-CoA?arrow_forwardConsider the fate of pyruvate labeled with 14C in each of the following positions: Carbon 1 (carboxyl), carbon 2, and carbon 3. Predict the fate of each labeled carbon during one turn of the citric acid cycle. Which labeled carbon is the last yield 14CO2? How many turns of the cycle are required to release all the labeled carbon as 14CO2?arrow_forward
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