BSC 1005 PKG-W/MOD. MAST. ACCESS >CI<
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781269683364
Author: Reece
Publisher: Pearson Custom Publishing
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Chapter 25, Problem 5TYK
As filtrate passes through the loop of Henle, salt is reabsorbed and concentrated in the interstitial fluid of the medulla. This high solute concentration in the medulla enables nephrons to
a. excrete the maximum amount of salt.
b. neutralize toxins that might be found in the kidney.
c. excrete a large amount of water.
d. reabsorb water from the filtrate very efficiently.
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Long nephron loopsa. are common in animals with access to abundant freshwater.b. allow urine to become concentrated within thecollecting duct.c. are the most common type of nephron loop in humans.d. extend deep into the renal cortex.
Many types of fishes live in freshwater. Generally, water moves by osmosis from the surrounding fresh water into the fish's body. This observation helps to explain which feature of the excretory systems of freshwater fishes?
a. They tend to produce dilute, watery urine.
b. They tend to produce concentrated, dark urine.
c. They do not produce urine, but instead conserve or re-use nitrogenous wastes.
d. They may produce either dilute or concentrated urine, depending on the activity of the fish.
How would damage to the renal capillaries resulting in an increase in protein filtration and urinary excretion affect net filtration pressure in the systemic circulation?
a. Increase capillary reabsorption due to an increase in interstitial colloid osmotic pressure
b. Increase capillary filtration due to an increase in interstitial hydrostatic pressure
c. Increase capillary filtration due to a decrease in blood colloid osmotic pressure
d. Increase capillary reabsorption due to increased blood hydrostatic pressure
Chapter 25 Solutions
BSC 1005 PKG-W/MOD. MAST. ACCESS >CI<
Ch. 25 - Complete this map, which presents the three main...Ch. 25 - In this schematic of urine production in a...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 25 - In each nephron of the kidney, the glomerulus and...Ch. 25 - As filtrate passes through the loop of Henle, salt...Ch. 25 - Birds and insects excrete uric acid, whereas...Ch. 25 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 25 - Match each of the following components of blood...Ch. 25 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 10TYK
Ch. 25 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 25 - Match each of the following components of blood...Ch. 25 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 25 - Compare the water and salt regulation in a salmon...Ch. 25 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 25 - 18. Assuming equal size, predict which of these...Ch. 25 - Some diuretics are on a list of substances that...Ch. 25 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 22TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 23TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 24TYKCh. 25 - Scientists have found that the quantity of...
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- Blood pressure forces water and small solutes out of blood and into nephrons during ________. a. glomerular filtration c. tubular secretion b. tubular reabsorption d. both a and carrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forwardAs the text noted, two-thirds of the water and solutes that the body reclaims by reabsorption in nephrons occurs in the proximal tubule. Proximal tubule cells have large numbers of mitochondria and demand a great deal of oxygen. Explain why.arrow_forward
- As a person ages, nephron tubules lose some of their ability to concentrate urine. What is the effect of this change?arrow_forwardWhat causes the large osmotic force due to proteins in the peritubular capillary? A. The secretion of proteins into the interstitial space by the tubule cells. B. The prevention of proteins being filtered at the glomerulus. C. The high capsular pressure in the glomerulus. D. A and Barrow_forwardWhich of these is not a function of the kidneys? A) The kidneys regulate the plasma volume B) The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure C) The kidneys help control the rate of red blood cell production D) The kidneys deactivate vitamin D and stimulate the activity of osteoclastsarrow_forward
- Which of the following would increase the rate of glomerular filtration? A)increasing the concentration of protein in the blood. B) decreasing the volume of blood plasma. C) increasing the arterial pressure of the blood . D) decreasing the osmotic pressure of the blood .arrow_forwardA pt was born with a rare genetic disorder in which the proximal tubules of her nephrons express half the number of aquaporins as normal. What will result? A. reduced reabsorption of water, although as much reabsorption of Na+ as is typical? b. reduced reabsorption of water, Na+ and glucose in the proximal tubules? c. Reduced reabsorption of both water and Na+ in equal proportions? D. Reduced reabsorption of all materials in the proximal tubules.arrow_forwardSeveral pharmacological agents have been shown to lower the pressure of the filtrate inside the lumen of nephrons. What affect will this have? a hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule increases, GFR increases b hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule decreases, GFR decreases c hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule increases, GFR decreases d hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule decreases, GFR increasesarrow_forward
- The kidneys in human beings are parts of the system for: (a) nutrition(b) respiration(c) excretion(d) transpirationarrow_forwardMost of the water reabsorption in the nephron is done by ? A) proximal tubules B) loop of henle C) distal tubules D) collecting ductarrow_forwardExcretion of a hypertonic urine in humans is associated best witha. the glomerular capsule.b. the proximal convoluted tubule.c. the loop of the nephron.d. the collecting duct.e. Both c and d are correct.arrow_forward
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