SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260172195
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 26, Problem 11RAC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A nephron is the histological and functional unit of the kidney. It is a tube-like structure with enlarged terminal ends. It includes Bowman’s capsule, proximal tubules, a loop of Henle and distal tubules. It plays a pivotal role in several homeostatic processes including the reabsorption of sodium chloride and potassium secretion.
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Glomerular filtration can be increased by which of the following?
A. Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole
B. Decreasing blood flow via afferent arteriole
C. Decreasing arterial blood pressure
D. Increasing blood flow via efferent arteriole
The answer is (A) Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole. Please explain why it is not the other options (B,C,D)
If the tubular maximum is exceeded, then a. the carrier mechanism will work harder. b. the excess will be reabsorbed in the bladder. c. the excess will appear in the urine. d. its blood concentration will increase.
Which of the following willdecrease filtration at theglomerulus?
A. Increased number ofpodocytes at the glomerulus
B. A relatively largediameter of the efferentarteriolescompared to the afferentarteriole.
C. Low colloid osmoticpressure
D. Low capsular pressure
Chapter 26 Solutions
SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 26.1 - Name the organs that make up the urinary system.Ch. 26.1 - List the functions performed by the kidneys, and...Ch. 26.2 - Describe the location, Size, and shown of the...Ch. 26.2 - Describe the renal capsule and the structures that...Ch. 26.2 - List the structures found at the hilum and in the...Ch. 26.2 - What is the functional unit of the kidney? Name...Ch. 26.2 - Distinguish between cortical and juxtamedullary...Ch. 26.2 - List the components of a renal corpuscle.Ch. 26.2 - Describe the structure of the Bowman capsule, the...Ch. 26.2 - Describe the structure of the afferent and...
Ch. 26.2 - Describe the structure and location of the...Ch. 26.2 - Explain blood supply for the kidney.Ch. 26.3 - Name the three general processes involved in...Ch. 26.3 - Contrast the rates of renal blood flow, renal...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 26.3 - What is filtration pressure? How does glomerular...Ch. 26.3 - How do systemic blood pressure and afferent...Ch. 26.3 - Describe autoregulation.Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 26.3 - What is the direction of movement of substances in...Ch. 26.3 - Describe what happens to most of the filtrate that...Ch. 26.3 - On what side of therenal tubule cell does active...Ch. 26.3 - Describe how symportworks in the renal tubule.Ch. 26.3 - Name the substances that are moved by active and...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 25AYPCh. 26.3 - Where does tubular secretion take place? What is...Ch. 26.3 - What substances are secreted? List the mechanisms...Ch. 26.3 - List the major mechanisms that create and maintain...Ch. 26.3 - Describe the roles of the loop of Henle, the vasa...Ch. 26.3 - Describe how the filtrate volume and concentration...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 31AYPCh. 26.4 - How is angiotensinII activated? What effects does...Ch. 26.4 - Where is aldosterone produced? What factors...Ch. 26.4 - What are the effects of aldosterone on Na+ and CI+...Ch. 26.4 - Where is ADH produced? What factors stimulate an...Ch. 26.4 - How does ADH affect urine volume and...Ch. 26.4 - Describe how the presence of ADH causes the...Ch. 26.4 - How does the absence of ADH cause the production...Ch. 26.4 - Where is atrial natriuretic hormone produced,and...Ch. 26.5 - What is plasma clearance, and how is it...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 41AYPCh. 26.5 - Describe how PAH is used to determine renal plasma...Ch. 26.5 - Explain the significance of tubular load and...Ch. 26.6 - What are the functions of the ureters, urinary...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 45AYPCh. 26.6 - Prob. 46AYPCh. 26.6 - Prob. 47AYPCh. 26.6 - Prob. 48AYPCh. 26.7 - Discuss the effect of aging on the kidneys. Why do...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1RACCh. 26 - Prob. 2RACCh. 26 - Prob. 3RACCh. 26 - Prob. 4RACCh. 26 - Prob. 5RACCh. 26 - Prob. 6RACCh. 26 - Prob. 7RACCh. 26 - Prob. 8RACCh. 26 - If the glomerular capillary pressure is 40 mm Hg,...Ch. 26 - Prob. 10RACCh. 26 - Prob. 11RACCh. 26 - Prob. 12RACCh. 26 - Prob. 13RACCh. 26 - Prob. 14RACCh. 26 - Prob. 15RACCh. 26 - Prob. 16RACCh. 26 - Prob. 17RACCh. 26 - Which of the following contributes to the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 19RACCh. 26 - Prob. 20RACCh. 26 - Prob. 21RACCh. 26 - Prob. 22RACCh. 26 - ADH governs the a. Na+ pump of proximal convoluted...Ch. 26 - Prob. 24RACCh. 26 - The amount of a substance that passes through the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26RACCh. 26 - Prob. 1CTCh. 26 - Harry is doing yard work one hot summer day and...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3CTCh. 26 - Prob. 4CTCh. 26 - Design a kidney that can produce hypostatic urine,...Ch. 26 - If only a very small amount of urea, instead of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 7CTCh. 26 - Marvin was driving too fast on a remote mountain...Ch. 26 - Which of the following will help compensate for...Ch. 26 - Renin-secreting tumors are usually found in the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 11CT
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- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forward2. Glomerular filtration is directly proportional to A. Blood cell size B. Hydrostatic pressure C. Osmotic pressure D. The patient’s fluid intakearrow_forwardThe afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forward
- Plasma fluid filtered into Bowmans capsule flows directly into the ________. a. renal artery c. distal tubule b. proximal tubule d. loop of Henlearrow_forwardWhen arterial blood pressure drops below normal, which renal function occur as a result of sympathetic nervous system activation? a. Afferent arteriole vasodilation b. Decreased ADH secretion c. Decreased renin secretion d. Afferent arteriole vasoconstrictionarrow_forwardWhich of the following describes why a very low GFR is not beneficial? a. Too many substances including wastes will be reabsorbed due to the reduced flow b. Filtered substances will pass by too quickly to be adequately reabsorbed c. There will be insufficient secretion of substances in the peritubular capillaries d. A low GFR is always beneficialarrow_forward
- Name the three layers of the wall of the glomerular capillaries. Indicate how those layers influence whether blood cells, ions, water, proteins and glucose are filtered at the glomerulus.arrow_forwardWhich of these forces opposes filtration from the glomerulus a. Plasma osmotic pressure b. Fluid pressure in Bowmans capsule c. Plasma hydrostatic pressure d. Two of the presented alternatives are correctarrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements is false?a. Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is greater than the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in the plasma within the glomerular capillaries.b. If the osmotic pressure exerted by solutes in the peritubular capillaries is greater than the blood pressure in those capillaries, then water will be reabsorbed.c. Endothelial cells in glomerular capillaries are highly permeable, facilitating filtration of fluid into Bowman’s capsule.d. Constriction of the afferent arteriole is likely to reduce the volume of filtrate appearing in Bowman’s capsule.e. The efferent arteriole carries blood from the glomerular capillaries directly to the renal vein.0.5 pointsQuestion 2Your doctor calls with the results of your urinalysis and tells you that they found proteinuria, the presence of abnormal amounts of protein in your urine sample. What could have caused this?a. Infection and inflammation in the kidney.b. Abnormally high concentration of plasma…arrow_forward
- The renal (kidney) vascular system demonstrates another (our third!) portal system. Which of the following form the second capillary bed (cap bed 2) of this portal system? Group of answer choices glomerular capillaries peritubular capillaries vasa rectaarrow_forwardexplain how/why diuretics that block ADH secretion would work to reduce blood pressure (ie, what ASPECT of blood pressure is affected, and how is it affected)arrow_forwardWhat causes the large osmotic force due to proteins in the peritubular capillary? A. The secretion of proteins into the interstitial space by the tubule cells. B. The prevention of proteins being filtered at the glomerulus. C. The high capsular pressure in the glomerulus. D. A and Barrow_forward
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