Biology: How Life Works
Biology: How Life Works
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319017637
Author: James Morris, Daniel Hartl, Andrew Knoll, Melissa Michael, Robert Lue, Andrew Berry, Andrew Biewener, Brian Farrell, N. Michele Holbrook
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 2.6, Problem 14SAQ
Summary Introduction

To determine:

The evidence for the hypothesis that life originated on earth by the creation and polymerization of small organic molecules by natural process.

Introduction:

The organic molecules are structural part of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates and other nutrients which are taken daily by living organisms in the form of diet. Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen are some of the essential organic molecules.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

The DNA and RNA are the vital parts of living organisms. The nucleotides form the major structure of DNA and are made-up of group forming organic molecules. This is the reason why organic molecules are involved in the origin of life. In previous times, the proteins were found in the human body, but no one knew the evolutionary history of proteins. An evolutionary hypothesis suggested that in early life t-RNA (transfer ribonucleic acid) like molecules might have served different functions. The proposal suggested that RNA were the early precursors of ribosomes, which also facilitated the replication of other RNAs.

The researchers hypothesized that t-RNA bound to amino acids may act as simple catalysts which facilitates more accuracy in RNA synthesis. After some time, amino acids were brought close in building up of RNA molecules that might have polymerized and form the polypeptide chains. The formation of polypeptides is favored by natural selection, and it enhanced the replication of RNA molecules that brought proteins into the chemistry of life.

Conclusion

The polymerization of organic molecules forms polymers and proteins that make the essential part of human life.

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