ORGANIC CHEM ALC PKG
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134595634
Author: Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 30P
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the retrovirus that causes AIDS. AZT was one of the first drugs designed to interfere with retroviral DNA synthesis. When cells take up AZT, they convert it to AZT-triphosphate. Explain how AZT interferes with DNA synthesis.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEM ALC PKG
Ch. 26.1 - In acidic solutions, nucleosides are hydrolyzed to...Ch. 26.1 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 26.3 - Indicate whether each functional group of the five...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 4PCh. 26.3 - If one of the strands of DNA has the following...Ch. 26.4 - The 2',3-cyclic phosphodiester that is formed...Ch. 26.5 - Using a dark line for the original parental DNA...Ch. 26.7 - Why do both thymine and uracil specify the...Ch. 26.9 - If methionine is always the first amino acid...Ch. 26.9 - Four Cs occur in a row in the segment of mRNA...
Ch. 26.9 - UAA is a stop codon. Why does the UAA sequence in...Ch. 26.9 - Prob. 12PCh. 26.9 - Write the sequences of bases in the sense strand...Ch. 26.9 - List the possible codons on mRNA that speciy each...Ch. 26.10 - Adenine can be deaminated to hypoxanthine, and...Ch. 26.10 - Explain why thymine cannot be deaminated.Ch. 26.12 - Which of the following base sequences is most...Ch. 26 - What nonapeptide is coded for by the following...Ch. 26 - What is the sequence of bases in the template...Ch. 26 - Prob. 20PCh. 26 - A segment of DNA has 18 base pairs. It has 7...Ch. 26 - Name the following:Ch. 26 - Prob. 23PCh. 26 - Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:Ch. 26 - The first amino acid incorporated into a...Ch. 26 - Match the codon with the anticodon:Ch. 26 - a. Using the single-letter abbreviations for the...Ch. 26 - Which of the following pairs of dinucleotides are...Ch. 26 - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the...Ch. 26 - If a mRNA contained only U and G in random...Ch. 26 - Why is the codon a triplet rather than a doublet...Ch. 26 - RNAase, the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis...Ch. 26 - The amino acid sequences of peptide fragments...Ch. 26 - Which cytosine in the following sense strand of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 36PCh. 26 - Sodium nitrite, a common food preservative (page...Ch. 26 - Why does DNA not unravel completely before...Ch. 26 - Staphylococcus nuclease is an enzyme that...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Retroviruses like HIV, the pathogen responsible for AIDS, incorporate an RNA template that is copied into DNA duringinfection. The reverse transcriptase enzyme that copies RNA into DNA is relatively nonselective and error-prone, leadingto a high mutation rate. Its lack of selectivity is exploited by the anti-HIV drug AZT (3′@azido@2′,3′@dideoxythymidine),which becomes phosphorylated and is incorporated by reverse transcriptase into DNA, where it acts as a chain terminator.Mammalian DNA polymerases are more selective, having a low affinity for AZT, so its toxicity is relatively low.(a) Draw the structures of AZT and natural deoxythymidine.(b) Draw the structure of AZT 5′@triphosphate, the derivative that inhibits reverse transcriptase.*2arrow_forwardWhich is an incorrect statement concerning the DNA double helix? Explain why. a) The sugar-phosphate backbone is on the inside of the helix and the base pairs are on the outside. b) The two strands are identical but proceed in opposite directions. c) The two strands are linked by glycosidic bonds. d) Only purine-purine and pyrimidine-pyrimidine base pairs can be accommodated.arrow_forwardConsider the following sequence of DNA: 3 '–TTA CGG–5 '. a. What dipeptide is formed from this DNA after transcription and translation? b. If a mutation converts CGG to CGT in DNA, what dipeptide is formed? c. If a mutation converts CGG to CCG in DNA, what dipeptide is formed? d. If a mutation converts CGG to AGG in DNA, what dipeptide is formed?arrow_forward
- Draw the form of aspartate that predominates at the following pH values: pH = 1.0arrow_forwardShow the pentose phosphate pathway that produces PRPP and reducing equivalents such as NADPH. Illustrate two important types of palindrome sequences the enhancers and restriction enzyme sequences.arrow_forwardWhat sequence of bases on one strand of DNA is complementary to the following sequence on another strand? (5') GGCTAATCCGT (3')arrow_forward
- Consider the following DNA base sequence 3TTAATA5 a. What dipeptide is formed from the transcription and translation of this DNA segment? b. What dipeptide is formed if a DNA point mutation converts ATA to ATG? c. What dipeptide is formed if a DNA point mutation converts ATA to AGA? d. What dipeptide is formed if a DNA point mutation converts TTA to TTT?arrow_forwardChemical Connections 20D states that the antigen in the red blood cells of a person with B-type blood is a galactose unit. Show schematically how the antibody of a person with A-type blood would aggregate the red blood cells of a B-type person if such a transfusion were made by mistake.arrow_forwardSuppose that 28% of the nucleotides in a DNA molecule are deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate, and that during DNA replication the percentage amounts of available nucleotide bases art 22% A, 22% C, 28% G. and 28% T. Which base would be depleted first in the replication process?arrow_forward
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Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA structure; Author: MEDSimplified;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lZRAShqft0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY