ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135964422
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 26, Problem 6TYU
DRAW IT Use the letters a-d to label where on the phylogenetic tree each of the following derived characters appears.
- a. flowers
- b. embryos
- c. seeds
- d. vascular tissue
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Phylogenetic trees are used to show the evolutionary relationships among various biological species and are usually based upon shared derived characters. In constructing phylogenetic trees, it is useful to first draw up a character table to show the presence or absence of characters among the various groups of organisms being studied.
a. Draw up a character table based upon the following shared derived characters of land plants: flowers, seeds, vascular tissues, and dependent embryos. Your character table must include the names/descriptions of the plant groups that are being characterized.
b. Construct a phylogenetic tree based on this data.
Examine the table of characters given for four different species of flower.
Species A Species B Species C Species D
Presence
of sepals
Number
of petals
Arrangement
of petals
Number
of carpels
Yes
Five
Whorled
Ten
Yes
O number of petals
O arrangement of petals
O presence of sepals
O number of carpels
Five
Whorled
Ten
Yes
Ten
Whorled
Ten
No
Ten
Whorled
Five
Based on the character matrix, which is most likely an ancestral trait for the group of species?
Explain why plants being polyploid makes using the phylogenetic species concept difficult to use. Be sure to explain how the phylogenetic species concept attempts to classify organisms into distinct species.
How can scientists still use the phylogenetic species concept to classify land plants, despite the majority being polyploid? (What do they do to get around this problem?)
Chapter 26 Solutions
ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
Ch. 26.1 - Why do researchers identify charophytes rather...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.1 - WHAT IF? What would the human life cycle be like...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.2 - Describe the importance of mycorrhizae, both today...Ch. 26.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review Figures 8 .3 and 8.5. If a...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Monilophytes and seed plants both...
Ch. 26.4 - What features not present in seedless plants have...Ch. 26.4 - Explain why Darwin called the origin of...Ch. 26.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Suppose the Bennettitales and...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 1.9 illustrates the...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 26 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 26 - Which of the following characteristics of plants...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 26 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 26 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 26 - DRAW IT Use the letters a-d to label where on the...Ch. 26 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA The grass...Ch. 26 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION The history of life has been...Ch. 26 - FOCUS ON INTERACTIONS Giant lycophyte trees of...Ch. 26 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE These stomata are from...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A botanist is studying the phylogenetic relationships of plants using only their their morphological traits. Would specialized plants (like desert or rainforest plants) complicate this process, why or why not? Select all that apply Select all that apply: a. Yes; they often appear similar but are not closely related to each other Ob. Yes; their traits are similar to plants across many environments c. No; their traits are shared by a common ancestor Od. Yes; they gained different traits than their close relatives because of their environment cross out cross out cross out cross outarrow_forwardThe phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?arrow_forwardConstructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Plant Group Photosynthesis? Seeds? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses Angiosperms Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. A В What characteristic appears just before group C branches off (the starred location)? flowers water conducting tissue seeds O photosynthesisarrow_forward
- According to this phylogenetic tree, Callitris sulcata is sister to Select one: a. Callitris neocaledonica b. Neocallitropsis pancheri c. Callitris macleayana see picture belowarrow_forwardA cladogram used in a comparison of morphology among taxa had equal length branches, but when looked at in a blast webpage using the given gene sequence, the branches all had different lengths. Why is that?arrow_forwardPhylogenetic analyses of land plants and their close relatives determined that the land plants form a monophyletic group (pass one-snip-test). This suggests, Select one: O a. There was a single transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats b. Flowering plants arose first O c. No changes have occurred in lands plants since they transition to a terrestrial habitat O d. Wind-pollinated plants arose first e. There were many transitions from aquatic to terrestrial habitatsarrow_forward
- Shown above are three possible phylogenetic trees for species I, II and III reconstructed based on the 4-nucleotide DNA sequences given in the righthand table. In every tree, each hatchmark on a branch represents a single base-change event. The most parsimonious tree would be - A. Both X and Y. B. X. C. Y. D. Both Y and Z. E. Z.arrow_forwardConstructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Plant Group Photosynthesis? Seeds? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses Angiosperms X Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. D A В Being able to do photosynthesis is an example of a: O shared derived character O shared ancestral characterarrow_forwardAre these phylogenetic trees the same?arrow_forward
- Compare phylogenetic trees created using DNA data with phylogenetic trees created using chromosomal banding patterns. Which technique do you think is more valuable and why?arrow_forwardwhat is a major problem with morphologically based analysis of wale placement in a phylogenetic tree ?arrow_forwardMake a parsimonious cladogram between the evolutionary connection of the following plants groups:arrow_forward
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