Campbell Biology In Focus, Loose-leaf Edition (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134895727
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 10TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Collectively, do these beetles and all other invertebrate species combined form a monophyletic group? Explain your answer and give an overview of invertebrate evolutionary history.
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Create a body plan table (Insert → Add Table) for the following animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Mollusca, Annelida, Nematoda, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata. Describe each phylum by identifying the following body plan features.
1) Symmetry: Asymmetrical, Radial, or Bilateral
2) Tissue type: Parazoa, Eumetazoa (diploblastic), or Eumetazoa (triploblastic)
3) Body cavity (if triploblastic): Acoelomate, Psuedocoelomate, or Coelomate
4) Developmental mode (if Coelomate): Protostome or Dueuterostome
Note: Depending on the body plan, features 3 & 4 may not apply to specific phyla.
* Please answer 1) and 2) only. Reposting question for other two to be answered.
Make a phylogenetic tree just including the following=
phylum nematoda (enoplea and chromadorea)
phylum nematomorpha
Phylum Priapulida
Phylum Kinorhyncha
Phylum Loricifera
Phylum Tardigrada
Phylum Onychophora
Phylum arthropoda -include subphylums and classes
Construct a character matrix by making observations on the different features of the following group of invertebrates. On the table, write 1 if the character is present in (or exhibited by) the group; 0 if absent (or is not exhibited).
Group of organisms
Segmentation
Coelom
Jointed appendages
Cephalization
Tissues
Radial symmetry
Porifera
Arthropods
Cnidarians
Nematodes
Annelids
Input the characters in the pre-made cladogramthat is provided for you. Also, write in the empty boxes the correct group of organisms to show relationships. One character and one group of organism is done for you.
Chapter 27 Solutions
Campbell Biology In Focus, Loose-leaf Edition (3rd Edition)
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27.2 - What is the Cambrian explosion? Why is it...Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.3 - WHAT IF? Would it be accurate to describe the...Ch. 27.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.4 - Describe two key adaptations of aquatic...Ch. 27.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The radiation of bilaterians in...
Ch. 27.5 - Describe two adaptations that have enabled insects...Ch. 27.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare and contrast how the...Ch. 27.6 - Describe three key amniote adaptations for life on...Ch. 27.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.6 - WHAT IF? Which came first, the chicken or the egg?...Ch. 27.7 - Describe how ocean communities changed in the...Ch. 27.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 27 - Fossil steroid and molecular clock evidence...Ch. 27 - Which of the following was probably the least...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 27 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION In Figure 27.29, circle the...Ch. 27 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION Early tetrapods had a...Ch. 27 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Collectively, do these...
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- The following four line drawings are reconstructions of invertebrate fossil. Using your knowledge of the extant invertebrate phyla, please indicate which phylum this species mostly likely belongs to. Support your conclusion by connecting the morphological characteristics of the fossil species with the distinguishing characteristics of the phylum.arrow_forwardDescribe, in your own words, the differences between the Phyla Porifera and Cnidaria. Use your knowledge of phylogenetic relationships, general animal characteristics and use appropriate examples.arrow_forwardCreate a body plan table (Insert → Add Table) for the following animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Mollusca, Annelida, Nematoda, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata. Describe each phylum by identifying the following body plan features. Use Lesson 12 (Chapter 32) and Lesson 13 (Chapter 33) as a guide. 1) Symmetry: Asymmetrical, Radial, or Bilateral 2) Tissue type: Parazoa, Eumetazoa (diploblastic), or Eumetazoa (triploblastic) 3) Body cavity (if triploblastic): Acoelomate, Psuedocoelomate, or Coelomate 4) Developmental mode (if Coelomate): Protostome or Dueuterostome Note: Depending on the body plan, features 3 & 4 may not apply to specific phyla. * Please answer 3) and 4) ONLY. Thank you.arrow_forward
- Rotifers and acanthocephalans previously belonged to separate phylum. But recent molecular studies and genome analysis show that acanthocephalans are sister groups of a class under Phylum Rotifera. And thus, the two should belong to a single taxon. Aside from the molecular evidences, what morphological and physiological features of both the rotifers and acanthocephalans support this claim? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardDownload a phylogenetic tree of Bilateria that includes the ten phyla of bilaterian discussed in this module. From the tree, be able to identify whether members of the phylum are coelomates (C), pseudocoelomates (P), or acoelomates (A). Use your labeled tree to answer the following questions: a) For each of the three major clades of bilaterian, what can be inferred about whether the common ancestor of the clade had a true coelom? b) To what extent has the presence of a true coelom in animals changed over the course of evolution?arrow_forwardDifferentiate between Phylum Porifera and Clade Eumetazoa. -Poriferans are only haploid during their life cycle, whereas eumetazoans are diploid with haploid sex cells at various stages of their life cycle. -Poriferans have mobile gametes while eumetazoans do not. -Poriferans invert during their development whereas eumetazoans do not invert at any time during their life cycle. -The various cells types of Poriferans do not form permanent associations into true tissues during their life cycle, whereas Eumetazoa possess true, stable tissues. -Poriferans have only one kind of cell during their life cycle whereas Eumetazoa have many kinds of cells throughout their life cycle.arrow_forward
- Build a phylogenetic tree consisting of the wasp, Pimpla rufipes and four other species. Ensure that the most basal species branches out first. Pimpla rufipesSpecies A: possess a calcium carbonate shell and is found in marine environmentsSpecies B: Segmented worm, marine and possess bristles known as ‘setae’Species C: Bioluminescent, possess special cells known as colloblasts which are attached to tentaclesSpecies D: Parasitic roundworm found in the intestines of mammals; lacks segments, molts a cuticle.arrow_forwardI just need enlightenment at where exactly did I go wrong or lack in this cladogram. There is no issue with the blatospore, but only the Nematoda, Mollusca, Annelida, and Arthropoda. So, the problem is I don't know how to relocate Annelida since it doesn't undergo ecdysis, or I lack the knowledge to distinguish the correct pathway to arrange the four Phyla: Nematoda, Mollusca, Annelida, and Arthropoda; branching it correctly.arrow_forwardSquirrel Monkey and Human Skeletons Examine the skeletons of both the squirrel monkey and human that are located in the classroom. Humans and squirrel monkeys are closely related as is apparent if we compare the classification of humans to squirrel monkeys. Classification Kingdom Phylum Squirrel Monkey Animalia Human Animalia Chordata Chordata Class Mammalia Mammalia Primates Primates Order Suborder Anthropoidea Hominoidea Anthropoidea Ceboidea Superfamily Family Genus Hominidea Cebidea Ноmо Saimiri Species Sapiens sciureus 1. Are humans and squirrel monkeys both primates? Yes No Genus 2. At what category does the classification between the two first differ?arrow_forward
- Select all that apply: Which characteristics could be used to identify an unknown organism as an animal rather than a fungus or a plant? multicellular developmental stage called a blastula heterotrophic ingestion of food for internal digestion alternation of generations during life cycle presence of Hox genes in genome have cell wallsarrow_forwardCreate a cladogram summarizing the phylogenetic relationships among the different phyla. Phyla: Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Annelida Mollusca Nematoda Arthropoda Echinodermata Chordata Characters: True tissues Blastopore forms the mouth Blastopore forms anus Undergo ecdysis Notochord Mantle and muscular foot Water vascular system Trochophore Segmented jointed appendages Chitinous setae Muscles and nerves Triploblasticarrow_forwardplease exaplain The juvenile stages of some insects are merely small versions of the adult: they eat the same type of food and live in the same habitats. Which of the following describes this type of metamorphosis? 1. radula 2. complete 3. incomplete 4. rudimentary 5. rapidarrow_forward
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