PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS
7th Edition
ISBN: 9789353506193
Author: Skoog
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 27, Problem 27.21QAP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The retention index of 1-hexene is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The retention index for the solute is determined from a chromatogram of a mixture of that solute with at-least two normal
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In molecular exclusion (size exclusion)
chromatography, the molecules have the
longest retention times.
a) the larger molecules
b) the smaller molecules
1a) Hexane, CH3(CH2)4CH3, is found to have a long retention time when separated from a mixture. A column with a C18 (18-carbon chain) stationary phase and a methanol-water modal phase is used for the separation. Explain why hexane has a long retention time.
1b)You wish to chromatographically seperate a mixtureof the follwing compunds. Which of the two compounds will be most difficult to seperatate from one another? Why?
Differentiate normal phase chromatography from reverse phase chromatography. From which of the two governs the video demonstration in TLC and paper chromatography? How do you say so?
Chapter 27 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS
Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.1QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.2QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.3QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.4QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.5QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.6QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.7QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.8QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.9QAPCh. 27 - What are hyphenated GC methods? Briefly describe...
Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.11QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.12QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.13QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.14QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.15QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.16QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.17QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.18QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.19QAPCh. 27 - The same polar compound is gas chromatographed on...Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.21QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.22QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.23QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.24QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.25QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.26QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.27QAPCh. 27 - Prob. 27.28QAPCh. 27 - Why is GSC not used nearly as extensively as GLC?Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.30QAP
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- Which statements are true for molecular exclusion chromatography?I Molecular exclusion chromatography separates on the basis of size.II Small molecules that freely pass through the stationary phase, Kav = 0.III Small molecules can fit in the pores of the stationary phase and effectively pass through a larger volume, and elute last.IV The pores in the stationary phase are too small for large molecules to pass through, so large molecules elute last.V Molecular exclusion chromatography with a hydrophilic stationary phase and an aqueous solvent is called gel permeation chromatography. A. II and V B. I, II, and IV C. III, IV, and V D. No correct combinations given above E. I, III, and IV F. I, II, III, and Varrow_forwardWhat are the units of the retention factor (Rf)? Briefly explain your conclusion.arrow_forwardA student developed a new dye called Dye C. It was analyzed against other dyes using paper chromatography. A solution of 1:1 ethyl acetate:hexane was used as the eluent. The resulting chromatogram is shown in the figure. Determine the retention factor (Rf) values of each spot on dye C. (use 2 decimal places) What other dye/s are present in dye C and what is the dye with least number of pigments?arrow_forward
- A student researcher performed a chromatographic separation of caffeine and aspartame. The retention time for caffeine, te, was found to be 200.8 s with a baseline peak width, we, of 16.1 s. The retention time for aspartame, ta, was 258.7 s with a baseline peak width, wa, of 20.6 s. The retention time for the unretained solvent methanol was 44.2 s. Calculate the average plate height, H, in micrometers for this separation, given that it was performed on a 22.1 cm long column. H = Calculate the resolution, R, for this separation using the widths of the peaks. R = 88.2 R₂5N = 3.16 Calculate the resolution if the number of theoretical plates were to increase by a factor of 2.5. 3.533 Incorrect μmarrow_forward3arrow_forwardClassify the descriptions based on whether they apply to ion‑exchange, size‑exclusion, or both types of chromatography columns. - Proteins move through the column at rates determined by their net charge. - The gel bed will contain polymer beads with charged functional groups. - Proteins move through the column at rates determined by their size. - The gel bed will contain porous polymer beads. - The properties of the proteins affect the rate at which they migrate. - Proteins are separated based on differences in their amino acid sequences.arrow_forward
- A student researcher performed a chromatographic separation of caffeine and aspartame. The retention time for caffeine, tc, was found to be 209.6 s with a baseline peak width, w., of 14.4 s. The retention time for aspartame, ta, was 260.0 s with a baseline peak width, wa, of 21.2 s. The retention time for the unretained solvent methanol was 49.2 s. Calculate the average plate height, H, in micrometers for this separation, given that it was performed on a 22.1 cm long column. H = um %3D Calculate the resolution, R, for this separation using the widths of the peaks. R = Calculate the resolution if the number of theoretical plates were to increase by a factor of 2. R2N =arrow_forwardIn normal-phase HPLC chromatography, the stationary phase is polar and the mobile phase is nonpolar. In the reversed phase we have just the opposite; the stationary phase is nonpolar and the mobile phase is polar. Describe molecules in which move faster or slower in each case.arrow_forwardTrue or False: Liquid-solid phase column chromatography is used to separate large up to multigram amounts of mixtures, based on their differences (however small) in polarity.arrow_forward
- 1. From spinach, the chromatographic analysis will yield two major substances: (a) B-carotene (C40H56), which will separate from the spinach mixture to form a yellow band, and (b) chlorophyll A (CSSH72MGN4OS), which will separate from the mixture to form a green band. i. Describe the characteristics and draw structures of these molecules. ii. From the spectrophotometric analysis, what wavelength (Amax) would you expect ß-carotene (C40H56) to absorb? What wavelength would chlorophyll A (CssH72MgN4O5) absorb?arrow_forwardStudy the chromatograph (below) of a mixture of Compounds A and B, run on the GCs in the teaching labs at CU Boulder. Compound A has the shorter retention time. You suspect that compound B is octane. What can you do to provide supporting evidence for this hypothesis?arrow_forwardWhy does the efficiency (decreased plate height) of liquid chromatography increase as the stationary phase particle size is reduced?arrow_forward
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