Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 27, Problem 7TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: How the withdrawal of antibiotics before the full treatment can lead to the evolution of drug-resistant pathogens.
Concept introduction:
The generation time in prokaryotes is less in response to changing conditions because they can often proliferate rapidly leading to the quick increase in mutation rate, which results in genetic diversity. Genetic diversity can also occur through transformation, transduction, and conjugation mechanisms and by transferring beneficial alleles such as the alleles for antibiotic resistance; the recombination event can support the adaptive evolution in these organisms.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The media has recently reported that a high number of patients while staying in the hospital, are gettinginfections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Using evolutionary theory, explain how this could occur.
What happens: Rising sea surface temperatures and changes in ocean currents contribute to the growth and spread of cholera bacteria in coastal areas. Example: A study from East Africa in 2017 demonstrated that warmer seas are leading to more frequent outbreaks of cholera along the coast, as the bacteria thrive in these conditions: explin how this climate change cause the distrubtion of cholera bacteria in coastal areas
EVOLUTION CONNECTION Using at least two examples,explain how the process of evolution is revealed by theimperfections of living organisms.
Chapter 27 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.1 - Contrast the cellular and DNA structures of...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27.2 - Although rare on a per gene basis, new mutations...Ch. 27.2 - Distinguish between the three mechanisms by which...Ch. 27.2 - In a rapidly changing environment, which bacterial...Ch. 27.2 - WHAT IF? If a nonpathogenic bacterium were to...Ch. 27.3 - Distinguish between the four major modes of...Ch. 27.3 - A bacterium requires only the amino acid...Ch. 27.3 - WHAT IF? Describe what you might eat for a...
Ch. 27.4 - Explain how molecular systematics and metagenomics...Ch. 27.4 - WHAT IF What would the discovery of a bacterial...Ch. 27.5 - Explain how prokaryotes, though small, can be...Ch. 27.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review Figure 10.6. Then...Ch. 27.6 - Identify at least two ways that prokaryotes have...Ch. 27.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27 - Describe features of prokaryotes that enable them...Ch. 27 - Mutations are rare and prokaryotes reproduce...Ch. 27 - Describe the range of prokaryotic metabolic...Ch. 27 - How have molecular data informed prokaryotic...Ch. 27 - In what ways are prokaryotes key to the survivaI...Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.6CRCh. 27 - Genetic variation in bacterial populations cannot...Ch. 27 - Photoautotrophs use (A) light as an energy source...Ch. 27 - Which of the following statements is not true? (A)...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 27 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA The...Ch. 27 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY In a short essay...Ch. 27 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Explain how the small...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- New research suggests a link between some microbes that normally live in the body and seemingly unrelated major illnesses. The gum disease called periodontitis itself is not life-threatening, for instance, but it is a fairly good predictor for heart attacks. Bacteria that cause gum disease can trigger inflammation. Thinking back to your reading in Chapter 7, how do you suppose that this response also may be harmful to the heart?arrow_forwardBacteria are known to change the kinds of fatty acids they produce as the temperature of their environment changes. What types of changes in fatty acids would you expect as the temperature drops? Why would this be adaptive?arrow_forwardAcquisition of antibiotic resistance is driven by bacterial exposure to antimicrobial agents (including antibiotics). This is a good example of natural selection; only the most fit (i.e., those with mutations conferring resistance, survive to reproduce and fill the niche with resistance organisms). Discuss two methods to prevent antimicrobial resistance within your community, but NOT a healthcare setting.arrow_forward
- Malaria Where did the disease originate? What impact did it have on the individuals living in the effected areas? How was the disease spread? How did individuals combat the disease? What reforms were initiated after the event? Your research must contain one location in the U.S. or Colonial America that experienced an outbreak.arrow_forwardEvolutionary changes of antibiotic resistant bacteria increase the ability of a species to survive and reproduce under any circumstances (True or false) give explaination for answer?arrow_forwardJohn Smith is a pig farmer. For the past five years, Smith has been adding vitamins and low doses of antibiotics to his pig food; he says that these supplements enhance the growth of the pigs. Within the past year, however, several of his pigs died from infections of common bacteria, which failed to respond to large doses of antibiotics. Can you explain the increased rate of mortality due to infection in Smith’s pigs? What advice might you offer Smith to prevent this problem in the future?arrow_forward
- Influenza and smallpox are diseases caused by different types of viruses. Scientists must produce a new influenza vaccine each year, whereas the smallpox vaccine eradicated the disease. Explain these results from an evolutionary perspective.arrow_forwardDevelopment of Resistance to antimicrobial drugs: What is the difference between a natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic antibiotic? How was the first natural antibiotic discovered? (To answer this question, identify the antibiotic, distinguish between the fungus and the antibiotic, explain where the antibiotic came from, and explain how people knew the antibiotic had antibiotic properties.) Give an example of a strain of bacteria (Genus and species) that is now resistant to commonly used antibiotics (identify the specific antibiotic). Describe the physiological mechanism used by individual bacteria to resist the antibiotic listed in part “3” of this Thought Question. For example, the mechanism could be modification of drug, modification of target, prevention of drug penetration, overproduction of target, or target mimicry. (This means that you must choose a strain of bacteria that we know the characteristic of the bacteria that allows the bacteria to be resistant.) How do…arrow_forwardEvolution is one of the major unifying concepts of modern biology. Explain the mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. Describe how scientists use each of the following as evidence for evolution. • Bacterial resistance to antibiotics • Comparative biochemistry • The fossil recordsarrow_forward
- Viruses are obligatory parasites. When bacteriophages infect a cell, there would be two possible outcomes regarding the fate of that bacterium. Can you describe the structures and life cycles of the T-even bacteriophage in detail?arrow_forwardEvolution is one of the major unifying concepts of modem biology. Explain the mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. Describe how scientists use each of the following as evidence for evolution. • Bacterial resistance to antibiotics • Comparative biochemistry • The fossil records (1000 words min)arrow_forwardAnalyzing health of reefs in American Samoa Provide two examples of why coral reefs are important ecosystems on Earth. 2. Some corals in the warm pools off Ofu Island can withstand temperatures of 32° to 34 °C without bleaching. So, the researchers set up a controlled laboratory experiment to try to determine why these corals survive in such excessive heat. With regard to the experimental design, provide two reasons why Dr. Palumbi devised a standardized test for the corals.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License