Concept explainers
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
A Minnesota gardener notes that the plants immediately bordering a walkway are stunted compared with those farther away. Suspecting that the soil near the walkway may be contaminated from salt added to the walkway in winter the gardener tests the soil. The composition of the soil near the walkway is identical to that farther away except that it contains an additional 50 mM NaCl. Assuming that the NaCl is completely ionized, calculate how much it will lower the solute potential of the soil at 20°C using the solute potential equation
where i = the ionization constant (2 for NaCl), C = the molar concentration (in moles/liter), R = the pressure constant [R = 0.00831 (liter MPa)/(mole K)] and T = temperature in Kelvin (273 + °C) Describe how this change in the solute potential of the soil would affect the water potential of the soil. Explain how the change in the water potential of the soil would affect the movement of water in or out of the roots
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Chapter 29 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS (LL)-W/MOD.MA
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- How does increasing solute concentration affect water potential? (a) water potential becomes more positive (b) water potential becomes more negative (c) water potential becomes more positive under certain conditions and more negative under other conditions (d) water potential is not affected by solute concentration (e) water potential is always zero when solutes are dissolved in waterarrow_forwardSolution A has a more negative water potential than solution B. Which of the following statements is/are 1 correct? Statement 1: Solution B has a higher wa potential than solution A Statement 2: There would be a net movement of water from solution A to solution B Statement 3: There would be a net movement of water from solution A to distilled water A 1,2 and 3 are correct B Only 1 and 2 are correct C Only 2 and 3 are correct D Only 1is correct Membarrow_forwardConsider a plant cell. The value for solute concentration in a plant cell is -0.12 MPa and the turgor pressure is 0.12 MPa. 1- What is the water potential in this plant cell? 2- If this plant cell were placed in a solution with water potential of -0.1 MPa, what would happen to the cell? (Hint: explain where the water goes and what that does to the cell).arrow_forward
- OO O O 5 TIME Remaning water. Below is a table showing data from an experiment in which leave disks were exposed to different colored light. The times it took for the leave disks to float to the surface are recorded under each light color column. The numbers in the left column indicate 10 groups conducted the experiment. Diagram 5: Experimental Set-Up for leaf discs under various colors of light Light color: Green Blue Plain Red Data collection and processing Recorded times for leaf dises ni sing for different colors - Trial I (seconds) (+2 Seconds ) Red Plain 80 170 209 172 183 333 40 80 89 97 102 121 124 138 152 162 377 184 4 380 462 398 167 510 6 516 380 546 381 565 642 820 899 381 558 9 10 A Table 1: This is the time that it took for the first 10 leaf discs to rise when exposed to light while submerged in water. (One of 3 trials) 612 604 1005 S58 Look at the data for leaf disk #2 in the Table 1. Under which color of light would the least amount of H* be available to pass through…arrow_forwardAccording to the water potential values shown in the image, which ones are wrong and why? W air (22 °C, 50% HR) -100 MPa Cas V sheet -0.2 MPa W stem -0.01 MPa to -0.1 MPa W soil -1 MPa to -0.51 MPa -4 MPa W root -0.1 MPa toarrow_forwardEverybody Wrk UL6- Sca woy coutt an N pack filled with pure water potentially kill a patient? INDEPENDENT PRACTICE The diagrams below represent animal and plant cells in beakers containing solutions of vanina levels, The level of dissolved salts in each solution is indicated in the diagram. Assume each celt a salt concentration of 0.8% Analyze each diagram and complete the following: Line A- indicate whether the solution is hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic relative to the cel Line B- indicate the direction of water movement: into the cell, out of the cell, in and out equally Line C- describe any changes that would take place in the cell (ex: the cell would... swell. shrivel, burst, etc.) O= Animal Cell = Plant Cell A. 1. B. 0.8% C. 0.2% saltarrow_forward
- The water potential of three adjacent plant cells are as follows: X 0kPa Y -1000kPa Z -4000kPa In which direction will water move?arrow_forwardName two soil properties that can affect infiltration rates. How does application rate affect infiltration? Why are infiltration rates typically higher in a sandy than in a clay soil?arrow_forward43. Two soil samples, A & B, at same soil moisture levels are placed in contact with each other. Water will more likely move from soil B to soil A if their osmotic potentials, expressed in kPa, are: O A=-30; B=-70 O A=-10; B=+10 O A=-60; B=-10 O A=-50; B=-100 OA=-20%; B=-20arrow_forward
- DDT is a persistent environmental pollutant once widely used as an insecticide. Using solubility principles, explain why shore birds that populate areas sprayed with DDT are found to have a high concentration of DDT in their tissues.arrow_forwardHow would adding clay to loamy soil affect capacity to exchange cations and retain water? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true for the figure in question 8? a. The net movement of solutes is into the cell. b. There is no concentration gradient. c. There is a potential for plasmolysis. d. The solvent will move against its concentration gradient. e. If this were a plant cell, turgor pressure would be maintained.arrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
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