Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 29, Problem 29.34P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The presence and participation in a reaction of photosystem I and photosystem II is to be mentioned.
Concept Introduction:
Photosynthesis is the reaction in which plants synthesize carbohydrates and from carbon dioxide and water with the help of chlorophyll and sunlight.
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All are true of the Embden-Myerhof pathway EXCEPT
Question 88 options:
A)
the products pyruvic acid and ATP under aerobic conditions enter the Krebb's (TCA) cycle to produce more ATP
B)
the products pyruvic acid and ATP under anaerobic conditions are converted to lactic acid and two additional ATP
C)
Cells use this pathway when they have no energy needs
D)
Begins with the conversion of glucose into glucose-6-phosphate
A catalyst like lactase that assists in the metabolism od milk is best described as
heterogeneous
enzymatic
homogeneous
non-truseable
explain each graph above about enzymes and the factors affecting enzymatic activity.
Chapter 29 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.1PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.2PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.3PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.4PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.5PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.6PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.7PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.8PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.9PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.10P
Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.11PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.12PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.13PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.14PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.15PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.16PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.17PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.18PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.19PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.20PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.21PCh. 29 - Which of these fatty acids can be synthesized by...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.23PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.24PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.25PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.26PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.27PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.28PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.29PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.30PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.31PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.32PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.33PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.34PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.35PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.36PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.37PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.38PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.39PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.40PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.41PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.42PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.43PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.44PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.45PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.46PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.47PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.48PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.49PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.50PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.51PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.52PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.53PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.54PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.55PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.56PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.57PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.58PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.59PCh. 29 - 29-60 How does the energy source differ in...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.61PCh. 29 - A vegan diet is one that excludes all animal...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.63PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.64PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.65PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.66PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.67PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.68P
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- The first step of the metabolic process known as glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. This process has a positive value for rG' Glucose + Pi Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O rG' = +13.8 kJ/mol-rxn This reaction is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP ATP + H2O ADP + Pi rG' = -30.5 kJ/mol-rxn What is the sum of these two equations and the value of rG' for the coupled reaction? Is the coupled reaction product-favored at equilibrium?arrow_forwardWhich of the following are not a requirement for photosynthesis? a. oxygenc. sunlight b. carbon dioxided. chlorophyll.arrow_forwardWhy are enzymes that are used for laboratory or clinical work stored in refrigerators?arrow_forward
- Why do most living organisms have an enzyme to decompose hydrogen peroxide?arrow_forwardIntracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose- 6-phosphate, 1.0 mM; fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, 10 mM; AMP, 0.1 mM; ADP, 0.5 mM; ATP, 5 mM; and Pi, 10 mM. Is the phosphofructokinase reaction in muscle more or less exergonic than under standard conditions? By how much?arrow_forwardThe above diagram illustrates ___? The relationship between the proteome and the metabolome The relationship between the concentration of enzymes and the rate of chemical reactions they catalyze a and barrow_forward
- Wheeler and Mathews (J. Biol. Chem. 287:31218–31222 (2012)) reportedthe NAD+ and NADH concentrations in yeast mitochondria as 20 mM and0.3 mM, respectively. Consider the malate dehydrogenase reaction, which is part of the citric acid cycle:malate + NAD+ → oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ ΔG∘' = +29.7 kJ/molIf malate concentration in yeast mitochondria is 0.4 mM, what is the maximum concentration of oxaloacetate needed to make the reaction exergonic at pH 7.0 and 37°C?arrow_forwardHow many times does the rate of glucose oxidation decrease in hypothermia, if the body temperature falls from 36.6оС to 27оС, and the temperature coefficient of this reaction is 1.3?arrow_forwardWhich of the following method is NOT ideally used to control enzymatic browning in food processing? a. Adding humectants b. Adding chelating agents c. Dehydration d. Adding reducing agentsarrow_forward
- Explain a phase G1, S, and G2 from mitosis.arrow_forward1.In the mitochondria, enzymes attached to the membrane use the ______________ to produce a ____________ difference and thus an electrical potential. Making the transfer of _______________ possible a. pH, flow of electrons, hydrogens b. pH, electron flow, oxygen c. electron flow, pH, hydrogens d. Electron flow, pH, Oxygen 2.Which of the following sugars can be a substrate for hexokinase? a.glucose b.fructose c.mannose d.all these e.none of thosearrow_forwardHuman xanthine oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and can further catalyze the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. For the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout, several medications are used to inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase and reduce the production of uric acid. You are a biochemist and just discovered a chemical that can inhibit the activity of the human xanthine oxidase. When analyzing its mode of inhibition, you found that the enzyme inhibitor complex requires 450 J.mol-1 to dissociate and that it displays kinetics somehow similar to noncompetitive inhibition. You sent your inhibitor to the ministry of health for approval as a medication for gout. Based on the data provided, are they going to authorize it as a medication or not? Explain?arrow_forward
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