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PRACTICE PROBLEM 3.15
Nitro groups have a large acid-strengthening effect on phenols. The
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- (a) Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds :(i) Pentan-2-ol and Pentan-3-ol (ii) Methanol and Phenol(b) o-nitro phenol is more acidic than o-methoxy phenol. Explain why.arrow_forwardAniline (conjugate acid pKa 4.63) is a considerably stronger base than diphenylamine (pKa 0.79). Account for these marked differences.arrow_forwardExplain the following behaviours :(i) Alcohols are more soluble in water than the hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses.(ii) Ortho-nitrophenol is more acidic than ortho-methoxyphenol.arrow_forward
- (a) Which of the following will NOT produce a carboxylic acid or carboxylate ion? 1-butanol + H2CrO4 2-butene + O3/H2O2 butanal + PCC butanal + H2CrO4 (b) Which of the following will NOT produce a carboxylic acid or carboxylate ion? 1-butanol + H2CrO4 2-butene + O3/H2O2 butanal + PCC butanal + H2CrO4arrow_forward- Rank the following substances in order of increasing acidity: (a) Phenol, p-methylphenol, p-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (b) Benzyl alcohol, phenol, p-hydroxybenzoic acidarrow_forwardC) a nitrile D) an amine nitrite salt DIRECTIONS: Each of the following questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers lettered A - D. Select or choose the letters of the best answer to the question or incomplete statement. 7. An organic nitrogen compound, X, gives ammonia on warming with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide, X could be A) ethanamide B) ethylamine C) phenylamine D) amino ethanoic acid Which one of the following reagents reacts 1. in a similar fashion with both phenylamine (C H,NH,) and ethylamine. A) Br,(aq) C) conc. HNO, D) cold HNO (aq) 2. Phenylamine (aniline) can be prepared by reducing nitrobenzene with tin and concerntrated hydrochloric acid followed by the addition of alkali and finally steam distillation. The alkali is added to; A) prevent oxidation of phenylamine. B) liberate free phenylamine from solution C) dissolve excess nitro benzene D) dissolve the phenylamine 8. Arrange the following molecules in their increasing order of base…arrow_forward
- Give reasons for the following :(i) Phenol is more acidic than methanol.(ii) The C—O—H bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle (190°28′).(iii) (CH3)3C—O—CH3 on reaction with HI gives (CH3)3C—I and CH3—OH as the main products and not (CH3)3C—OH and CH3—I.arrow_forward(a) Account for the following :(i) Propanal is more reactive than propanone towards nucleophilic reagents.(ii) Electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid takes place at meta position.(iii) Carboxylic acids do not give characteristic reactions of carbonyl group.(b) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:(i) Acetophenone and benzaldehyde(ii) Benzoic acid and ethylbenzoate.arrow_forwardIdentify the most and the least basic compound in each of the following sets. Leave the remaining answer in each set blank. a) Lithium ethoxide: v Lithium diisopropylamide: v Lithium acetate: b) Sodium chloride: v Sodium formate: Sodium acetate: c) Sodium acetylide: v Sodium p-nitrobenzoate: Sodium benzoate:arrow_forward
- (a) Tsomane and Nyiko were given a task of synthesising methylenecyclohexane 2. After a brief discussion with each other, Tsomane proposed Method A to synthesise 2 from cyclohexanone 1 while Nyiko proposed Method B that started from hydroxymethylcyclohexane 3. Each student believed that their proposed method is better than the other. (Scheme below) (1) 1 Ph THF A Ph Ph B H₂SO4 100 °C 3 OH What is the name of the reaction that is followed by reaction Method A?arrow_forward4.33 Select the compound in each of the following pairs that will be converted to the corresponding alkyl bromide more rapidly on being treated with hydrogen bromide. Explain the reason for your choice. (a) 1-Butanol or 2-Butanol (b) 2-Methyl-1-butanol or 2-butanol (c) 2-Methyl-2-butanol or 2-butanol (d) 2-Methylbutane or 2-butanol (e) 1-Methylcyclopentanol or cyclohexanol Draw the energy diagrams of an SN1 reaction and an SN2 reaction. Include in your drawing anexample reaction. Identify the rate limiting step and label it as unimolecular or bimolecular.arrow_forward18.18 Provide a structural formula for the product from each of the following reactions. (a) (c) (e (1) LDA (2) CH,CH,I NaH CI (b) (d) O. (f Br, CH,CO,H Br, (excess), NaOHarrow_forward