Concept explainers
Introduction:
Cells are regarded as the simplest unit (structural and functional) of life. Cellular membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm are the three major components of a cell. Cellular membrane, which surrounds the entire cell, is composed of phospholipids and proteins. The nucleus is bound by a nuclear membrane, and it possesses the genetic material of the cell. Cytoplasm consists of organelles, cytoskeleton (filaments and tubules), and inclusion bodies. Other organelles present in a cell include endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi complex, mitochondria, centrioles, peroxisomes, and lysosomes. Protoplasm denotes all living material that are present in the cell enclosed by the cellular membrane (inside and outside the nucleus).
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 3 Solutions
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY THE UNITY OF FORM
- In _______________ membrane-bound vesicles in the cytosol of a cell fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents to the extracellular fluid.arrow_forward______transport (general term)uses the energy of Browain motion associated with gradients to move materials from one place to another without the use of "cellular energy".A specific example of this type of transport is ‐-----------arrow_forwardThe result of completed apoptosis of a cell is apoptotic bodies, which are numerous vesicles of the dead cell contents, including reactive enzymes, chromatin and mitochrondria. How are these apoptotic bodies then full digested and removed from the body?arrow_forward
- Ubiquitin Marks Cytosolic Proteins for __________ in Proteasomes.arrow_forward_______ side is oriented towards the RER (transition vesicles with newly synthesized protein arrive continuously from the ER)arrow_forwardFor plasma membrane, what macromolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, or necleic acids contribute to the organelle functionarrow_forward
- organelles that attach monosaccharides to protiens:arrow_forwardThe introduction of amino acids into a cancer cell culture media will cause an upregulation of mTORC1 signaling and_______________? Group of answer choices Ribosome degradation Autophagy Protein synthesis Lipolysis and Fatty acid oxidationarrow_forwardFill in the blank: _______ turns food into a new form: a form that cells can use.arrow_forward
- Each of the following conditions involves a disorder in the function of an organelle or other cell structure. In each case, identify the organelle or structure involved and indicate whether it is likely to be underactive or active. Give brief a brief explanation each. a. A man suddenly felt weak and manifested cyanide poisoning symptoms after ingesting undercooked cassava which contains cyan glycosides. b. A young man learns that he is infertile because his sperm are non-motile. A maize plant is unable to survive due to recessive lethal gene causing albinism. d. An infant is placed on a low phenylalanine diet as his newborn screening results revealed that he inherited phenylketonuria. e. A man develops pleiomorphic liposarcoma (a rare type of cancer) and is told that the cause of the problem is a hard mass of cells in his right inner thigh that rapidly increased in size in a C. matter of two months.arrow_forwardPlease help me with this question. More than one answer may be correct. The rough endoplasmic reticulum ______. Options: A) is the only site of protein synthesis in the cell. B) is a site where glycosylation of proteins takes place. C) is a site where cisternal maturation takes place. D) is a location where glutamate carboxylation of proteins take place. E) has a channel through its membrane called Sec61.arrow_forwardAlcoholism results in the inability of liver cells to properly digest proteins. Which of the following organelles is most likely to be negatively affected by alcoholism?arrow_forward
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning