Evolutionary Analysis (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321616678
Author: Jon C. Herron, Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 2Q
- a. Describe Darwin’s four postulates in your own words. What would have happened in the snapdragon experiment if any of the four had not been true?
- b. If Darwin’s four postulates are true for a given population, is there any way that evolution cannot happen? What does this imply about whether evolution is or is not occurring in most populations today?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Apply the VIDA table to the evolution of sickle cell disease to justify whether it is an instance of evolution by natural selection. Answer the following questions.
Is there variation in this trait in the population? How exactly does it vary? Is the trait at least partly inherited? Is there selection for this trait in a particular environment? (What is the selective pressure? And how does a trait give an advantage or disadvantage in that environment?) What is the evidence that this trait makes organisms better adapted to their environment?
Evolution is a change in frequencies of alleles in the gene pool of a population. This definition of evolution was developed a result of the work in the 20th century by Hardy and Weinberg. Through mathematical modeling based on probability, they concluded that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation absence of evolutionary influences. Evolution will not occur in a population if seven conditions are met:
1. mutation is not occurring
2. natural selection is not occurring
3. the population is infinitely large
4. all members of the population breed
5. mating is totally random
6. everyone produces the same number of offspring
7. there is migration in or out of the population
One of the criteria in the prompt above has been mis-typed. Correct the erroneous phrase so evolution will NOT occur.A) (5) There is sexual selection.B) (1) Mutation occurs within the population.C) (4) The fittest members of the population breed.D) (7)…
Which of the following factors are required in order for evolution to occur?
a.
Individuals within a population must be receptive to change and collectively determine which trait(s) is/are to be modified in subsequent generations
b.
Genetic variation within a population must exist or have the potential to arise, and shifts in allelic frequencies will take place or have the potential to take place
c.
Individuals within a population should be able to reproduce effectively (i.e., without barriers to reproduction existing)
d.
Both A & B
e.
Both B & C
Chapter 3 Solutions
Evolutionary Analysis (5th Edition)
Ch. 3 - In everyday English, the word adaptation means an...Ch. 3 - a. Describe Darwins four postulates in your own...Ch. 3 - Think about how the finch bill data demonstrate...Ch. 3 - According to the text, it is correct to claim that...Ch. 3 - A common creationist criticism of the finch study...Ch. 3 - Suppose that you are starting a long-term study of...Ch. 3 - At the end of an article on how mutations in...Ch. 3 - Describe three major objections to Darwins theory...Ch. 3 - Many working scientists are relatively...Ch. 3 - a. Describe Behes argument of irreducible...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 1) What does the term Natural Selection mean? Select one: a.The number and relative frequency of alleles present in a particular population. b.The process through which individuals with certain traits tend to produce more surviving offspring that individuals without those traits. c. Any change in the hereditary material of an organism.arrow_forwardIdentify and describe (explain) the four forces of evolution. Imagine a scenario where a population of lizards encounters another population of lizards and interbreeding occurs. Over time, how would the genetic variation look within each population of lizards (would it increase or decrease)? Now imagine you have sandy beaches that are inhabited by populations of crabs that are red or yellow or green. Somehow one of the beaches becomes more and more filled with golden sand while the others stay multicolored. Over time, how would the genetic variation look between the populations on the beaches?arrow_forwardYou are studying a species of beetle known as a Flumbodoodle Beetle. The beetle has long spikes on its shell to defend itself from potential predators. You are interested in studying evolution in this beetle. Which of the following studies do you not need to conduct to determine if the long spike trait can evolve by natural selection. a. A study that determines whether beetles with longer spikes survive and reproduce better than beetles with shorter spikes. b. A study that measures the spike length variation across multiple individuals in a population. c. A study where you measure the spike length on the parents and a study where you measure the spike length on the offspring. d. A study that determines whether these spikes on the beetle are also used in mate choice contexts.arrow_forward
- One possible definition of evolution is that evolution can be seen as the change of allele frequencies with time. 1)True 2) Falsearrow_forwardPlease use and cite any source(s) you can find to answer the following questions:1. Define "homologous structures," and explain how they help support evolutionary theory.2. Darwin proposed natural selection as a mechanism for evolution. How is it similar to artificialselection? How is it different?3. For natural selection to work, there must be genetic variation within a population as well asmutations? Why must there be both?4. What is the difference between natural selection and sexual selection?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements does NOT agree with the tenets of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection? O A. The phenotypes of individuals in a population will differ and, in some cases, these differences are the result of traits passed down from parent to offspring. B. Phenotypes become more common over time if individuals with those phenotypes have higher reproductive success. O C. The fitness of an individual with a particular phenotype is independent of the environmental conditions it experiences. O D. Resources limit the total number of individuals in a population.arrow_forward
- According to the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation, all of the following slow down or stop evolution EXCEPT (choose as many as apply): Group of answer choices very small population very large population no one leaves or comes into the population everyone has equal numbers of offspring there are no mutations there are lots of mutations there is non- random matingarrow_forwardNASA is planning on sending a colony of Snow Monkeys to mars to determine how evolution will progress outside of our planet. They have calculated the following for 226 individuals: Observed Genotype Frequencies (not in HWE) AA: 0.392 Aa: 0.445 aa: 0,163 If this population was in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium, what would be the expected number of individuals for the homozygous recessive? Retain 1 decimal place.arrow_forwardDo you think the human race is continuing to evolve in a Darwinian, genetic sense? Are the genes of our species changing? Do not just write "yes" or "no," but explain why you think so. In addition, include in your explanation of how the mechanisms of evolution, such as natural selection, would be at play.arrow_forward
- Discuss at least two reasons why we cannot consider evolution by natural selection progressive.arrow_forwardWhat is neutral evolution? A. Neutral evolution does not exist. B. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to natural selection (they are advantageous or disadvantageous). C. When certain genes are present or absent in populations regardless of selection (they are not advantageous or disadvantageous). D. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to sexual selection (they are selected for by the opposite sex).arrow_forwardEvolution takes place through a combination of mechanisms at the level of populations. This process consists of a change in allele frequencies in a population over time. Consider the following scenario: You are observing a population of wild mice that has a dominant allele which produces white-colored fur, while the homozygous recessive alleles result in dark brown fur. Genetic studies have indicated that this gene for fur color follows Mendelian inheritance. Originally, the mice population was comprised of over 80% of white mice in a dark forest environment. As the local fox population increased, you noticed that there were fewer white mice and more brown-colored mice. By the end of your observation period of six months, you notice that brown-colored mice now make up over 60% of the total mice population. Based on this scenario, explain what force of evolution is at workarrow_forward
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Mechanisms of Genetic Change or Evolution; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FE8WvGzS4Q;License: Standard Youtube License