Chapter 3, Problem 3.1CT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The facts about carbon dioxide have to be given.

Concept introduction:

Air pollutant is the substance which creates pollution.

$CO$ is an air pollutant because when breathed into the lungs, $CO$ can be hazardous to human health.

Explanation of Solution

• Carbon monoxide is a gas which does not have any color, odor and taste. Thus, it will be difficult to identify it with human senses.
• Carbon monoxide can be emitted inside the home due to the use of household substances. It includes Gas stoves, generators, heaters, furnaces and so on.
• The permissible limit of $CO$ recommended by National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for in an 8-hour is 9ppm.
• The gas $CO$ is an air pollutant because when breathed into the lungs, $CO$ can be hazardous to human health.
• Hemoglobin carries oxygen throughout the body. $CO$ can interact with hemoglobin, and gets carried throughout the body. When a high concentration of $CO$ is exposed to a person for a longer time, a person may even die due to the lack of oxygen.
• When $CO$ is exposed to a person for a shorter time, a person may become fatigue, may cause dizziness or headache.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The sources of carbon dioxide besides vehicles have to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Air pollutant is the substance which creates pollution.

$CO$ is an air pollutant because when breathed into the lungs, $CO$ can be hazardous to human health.

Explanation of Solution

Through various activities, humans contribute more greenhouse gases (especially Carbon dioxide) to the atmosphere than any other species by far.

1. (i) Deforestation
2. (ii) Agriculture
3. (iii) Industrial revolution
4. (iv) Transportation

But there are some things that also produce greenhouse gases mainly carbon dioxide in small extent and they are listed below,

From the respiration of plants

From the respiration of algae

From the respiration of fungi

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Two air pollutants other than carbon dioxide have to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

Air pollutant is the substance which creates pollution.

$CO$ is an air pollutant because when breathed into the lungs, $CO$ can be hazardous to human health.

Explanation of Solution

Global warming is a partial result of greenhouse effect and it refers to a world –wide increase in average temperature, but is only one aspect of climate change. Thus, we can say that the greenhouse effect cause climate change. And now in the present situation the rate of production of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are increased enormously. And so climate change is occurring in various parts of the world.

When carbon dioxide emissions are decreased, the rate of other pollutants like methane, nitrogen oxides, ozone etc. also decreases.