General Chemistry
General Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073402758
Author: Chang, Raymond/ Goldsby
Publisher: McGraw-Hill College
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.28QP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of atoms has to be calculated given 7.14×103g of dimethyl sulfoxide

Concept Introduction:

  • Mass percentage is one way to represent the concentration of an element in a compound or a component in a mixture. Mass percent of elements of a compound is the ratio of mass of element to the mass of whole compound and multiplied with hundred.
  • The molar mass of an element or compound is the mass in grams of 1 mole of that substance, and it is expressed in the unit of grams per mol (g/mol)
  • The fundamental units may be molecules, formula units or atoms.  In chemistry mole is represented as mol.  It is a counting unit.  In a mole Avogadro’s number represent the number of fundamental entities.
  • A mole is the number of atoms (or) molecules in (1g) of hydrogen or 12g of carbon. Avogadro’s number 6.023×1023 is called one mole.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

Let’s calculate the number of carbon atoms in 7.14×103g of dimethyl sulfoxide. First we convert grams of DMSO to the number of molecules of DMSO.

The molecular formula for DMSO is (CH3)2SO

Molarmassof(CH3)2SO=78.13g/molNo.ofCatoms=2(12.01g)=24.02gNo.ofOatoms=1(16.00g)=16.00gNo.ofSatoms=1(32.07.g)=32.07gNo.ofHatoms=6(1.008g)=6.048gTotalmassvalue= 78.14g

The conversion factor needed is,

1molDMSO78.14gDMSO

Avogadro’s number is 1mol=6.022×1023particles

From this equality, we write the conversion factor.

6.022×1023DMSOmolecule1moleDMSO

Let’s complete the two conversions in single step

GramsofDMSOMolesofDMSOmoleculesofDMSOAtomsofC=7.14×103g(CH3)2SO×1mol(CH3)2SO78.14g(CH3)2SO×6.022×1023(CH3)2SOmolecules1mol(CH3)2SO×2C atoms1molecules (CH3)2SO=1.10×1026carbonatoms_

Therefore 7.14×103g of DMSO contains 1.10×1026 atoms of carbons

Calculate the numbers of hydrogen are present in dimethyl sulfoxide,

GramsofDMSOMolesofDMSOmoleculesofDMSOAtomsofH=7.14×103g(CH3)2SO×1mol(CH3)2SO78.14g(CH3)2SO×6.022×1023(CH3)2SOmolecules1mol(CH3)2SO×6H atoms1molecules (CH3)2SO=3.30×1026hydrogematoms_

Thus, we have found that 7.14×103g of DMSO contains 3.30×1026 atoms of hydrogen.

Calculate the number of oxygen is present in dimethyl sulfoxide,

GramsofDMSOMolesofDMSOmoleculesofDMSOAtomsofO=7.14×103g(CH3)2SO×1mol(CH3)2SO78.14g(CH3)2SO×6.022×1023(CH3)2SOmolecules1mol(CH3)2SO×1O atoms1molecules (CH3)2SO=5.50×1025oxygenatom_

Calculate the number of sulfur is present in dimethyl sulfoxide,

GramsofDMSOMolesofDMSOmoleculesofDMSOAtomsofS=7.14×103g(CH3)2SO×1mol(CH3)2SO78.14g(CH3)2SO×6.022×1023(CH3)2SOmolecules1mol(CH3)2SO×1S atoms1molecules (CH3)2SO=5.50×1025sulfuratom_

Therefore the number of C, S,H,O are calculated in 7.14×103g of DMSO molecule.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

General Chemistry

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