Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fourth Edition)
Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393124187
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster, Geoffrey Davies
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.78QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The percent composition of the given compounds is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Molar mass of a compound is sum of the atomic mass of each elements present in the compound.

To determine: The percent composition of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) .

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.78QP

Solution

Percent composition of Na2SO4 is 32.36% Na_ , 22.57% S_ and 45.04% O_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The molar mass of Na2SO4 is calculated as,

Molar mass=((Number of Na atoms×Molar mass of Na)+(Number of S atoms×Molar mass of S)(Number of O atoms×Molar mass of O))

In Na2SO4 , number of Na atoms =2 , number of S atoms =1 and number of O atoms =4 .

Molar mass of Na=22.99 g/mol , molar mass of S=32.07 g/mol , molar mass of O=16 g/mol and molar mass of Na2SO4 is 142.1 g/mol

Substitute the number of sodium, sulfur and oxygen atoms and their molar masses in the above equation.

Molar mass=2×22.99+1×32.07+4×16=142.1 g/mol

The percent composition of sodium (Na) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of Na=Mass of NaMass of Na2SO4×100

Mass of 2 atoms of Na =2×22.99 g=45.98 g .

Substitute the value of mass of Na and mass of Na2SO4 in the above equation.

Percent composition of Na=45.98 g142.1 g×100=32.36% Na_

Therefore, the percent composition of Na is 32.36% Na_ .

The percent composition of sulfur ( S ) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of S=Mass of SMass of Na2SO4×100

Substitute the value of mass of S and mass of Na2SO4 in the above equation.

Percent composition of S=32.07 g142.1 g×100=22.57% S_

Therefore, the percent composition of S is 22.57% S_ .

The percent composition of oxygen (O) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of O=Mass of OMass of Na2SO4×100

Mass of 4 atoms of O =4×16 g=64 g .

Substitute the value of mass of O and mass of Na2SO4 in the above equation.

Percent composition of O=64 g142.1 g×100=45.04% O_

Therefore, the percent composition of O is 45.04% O_ .

Percent composition of Na2SO4 is 32.36% Na_ , 22.57% S_ and 45.04% O_ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The percent composition of N2O4 .

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.78QP

Solution

Percent composition of N2O4 is 30.45% N_ and 69.55% O_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The molar mass of N2O4 is calculated as,

Molar mass=((Number of N atoms×Molar mass of N)+(Number of O atoms×Molar mass of O))

In N2O4 , number of N atoms =2 , number of O atoms =4 .

Molar mass of N=14.01 g/mol and molar mass of O =16 g/mol .

Substitute the number of nitrogen and oxygen atoms and their molar masses in the above equation.

Molar mass=2×14.01+4×16.00=92.02 g/mol

The percent composition of nitrogen ( N ) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of N=Mass of NMass of N2O4×100

Mass of 2N atoms =2×14.01=28.02g .

Substitute the value of mass of N and mass of N2O4 in the above equation.

Percent composition of N=28.02 g92.02 g×100=30.45% N_

Therefore, the percent composition of N is 30.45% N_ .

The percent composition of oxygen (O) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of O=Mass of OMass of N2O4×100

Mass of 4 atoms of O =4×16 g=64 g .

Substitute the value of mass of O and mass of N2O4 in the above equation.

Percent composition of O=64 g92.02 g×100=69.55% O_

Therefore, the percent composition of O is 69.55% O_ .

Percent composition of N2O4 is 30.45% N_ and 69.55% O_ .

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The percent composition of strontium nitrate ( Sr(NO3)2 ).

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.78QP

Solution

Percent composition of Sr(NO3)2 is 13.24% N_ , 45.36% O_ and 41.40% Sr_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The molar mass of Sr(NO3)2 is calculated as,

Molar mass=((Number of Sr atoms×Molar mass of Sr)+(Number of N atoms×Molar mass of N)+(Number of O atoms×Molar mass of O))

In Sr(NO3)2 , number of Sr atoms =1 , number of N atoms =2 , number of O atoms =6 .

Molar mass of Sr=87.62g/mol , molar mass of N=14.01 g/mol and molar mass of O =16 g/mol .

Substitute the number of strontium, nitrogen and oxygen atoms and their molar masses in the above equation.

Molar mass=1×87.62+2×14.01+6×16.00=211.64 g/mol

The percent composition of nitrogen ( N ) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of N=Mass of NMass of Sr(NO3)2×100

Mass of 2N atoms =2×14.01=28.02g .

Substitute the value of mass of N and mass of Sr(NO3)2 in the above equation.

Percent composition of N=28.02 g211.64 g×100=13.24% N_

Therefore, the percent composition of N is 13.24% N_ .

The percent composition of oxygen (O) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of O=Mass of OMass of Sr(NO3)2×100

Mass of 6 atoms of O =6×16 g=96 g .

Substitute the value of mass of O and mass of Sr(NO3)2 in the above equation.

Percent composition of O=96 g211.64 g×100=45.36% O_

Therefore, the percent composition of O is 45.36% O_ .

The percent composition of strontium ( Sr ) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of Sr=Mass of SrMass of Sr(NO3)2×100

Substitute the value of mass of Sr and mass of Sr(NO3)2 in the above equation.

Percent composition of Sr=87.62 g211.64 g×100=41.40% Sr_

Therefore, the percent composition of Sr is 41.40% Sr_ .

Percent composition of Sr(NO3)2 is 13.24% N_ , 45.36% O_ and 41.40% Sr_ .

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The percent composition of aluminum sulfide ( Al2S3 ).

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.78QP

Solution

Percent composition of Al2S3 is 35.93% Al_ and 64.07% S_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The molar mass of Al2S3 is calculated as,

Molar mass=((Number of Al atoms×Molar mass of Al)+(Number of S atoms×Molar mass of S))

In Al2S3 , number of Al atoms =2 , and number of S atoms =3 .

Molar mass of Al=26.98 g/mol , and molar mass of S=32.07 g/mol .

Substitute the number of Al and S atoms and their molar masses in the above equation.

Molar mass=2×26.98+3×32.07=150.17 g/mol

The percent composition of aluminum ( Al ) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of Al=Mass of AlMass of Al2S3×100

Mass of 2 Al atoms =2×26.98g=56.96 g .

Substitute the value of mass of Al and mass of Al2S3 in the above equation.

Percent composition of Al=56.96 g150.17 g×100=35.93% Al_

Therefore, the percent composition of Al is 35.93% Al_ .

The percent composition of sulfur ( S ) is calculated by the formula,

Percent composition of S=Mass of SMass of Al2S3×100

Mass of 3 atom of S =3×32.07 g=96.21 g .

Substitute the value of mass of S and mass of Al2S3 in the above equation.

Percent composition of S=96.21 g150.17 g×100=64.07% S_

Therefore, the percent composition of S is 64.07% S_ .

Percent composition of Al2S3 is 35.93% Al_ and 64.07% S_ .

Conclusion

Percent composition of Al2S3 is 35.93% Al_ and 64.07% S_

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fourth Edition)

Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 12PECh. 3.5 - Prob. 13PECh. 3.6 - Prob. 14PECh. 3.6 - Prob. 16PECh. 3.7 - Prob. 17PECh. 3.8 - Prob. 18PECh. 3.8 - Prob. 19PECh. 3.9 - Prob. 20PECh. 3.9 - Prob. 21PECh. 3.9 - Prob. 22PECh. 3.9 - Prob. 23PECh. 3 - Prob. 3.1VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.2VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.6VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.7VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.8VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.9QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.10QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.11QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.12QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.13QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.14QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.15QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.16QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.17QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.18QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.19QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.20QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.21QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.22QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.23QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.24QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.25QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.26QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.27QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.28QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.29QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.30QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.31QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.32QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.33QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.34QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.35QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.36QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.37QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.38QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.39QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.40QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.41QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.42QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.43QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.44QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.45QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.46QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.47QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.48QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.49QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.50QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.51QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.52QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.53QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.54QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.55QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.56QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.57QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.58QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.59QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.60QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.61QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.62QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.63QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.64QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.65QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.66QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.67QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.68QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.69QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.70QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.71QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.72QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.73QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.74QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.75QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.76QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.77QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.78QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.79QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.80QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.81QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.82QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.83QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.84QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.85QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.86QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.87QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.88QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.89QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.90QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.91QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.92QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.93QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.94QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.95QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.96QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.97QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.98QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.99QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.100QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.101QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.102QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.103QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.104QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.105QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.106QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.107QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.108QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.109QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.110QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.111QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.112QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.113QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.114QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.115QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.116QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.117APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.118APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.119APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.120APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.121APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.122APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.123APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.124APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.125APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.126APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.127APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.128APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.129APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.130APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.131APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.132APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.133APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.134APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.135APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.136APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.137APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.138APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.139APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.140APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.141APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.142APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.143APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.144AP
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