The Essential Cosmic Perspective (7th Edition) - Standalone book
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780321928085
Author: Jeffrey O Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 3VSC
Use the information in the graphs to answer the following questions.
Check your understanding of some of the many types of visual information used in astronomy. For additional practice, try the Chapter 3 
Visual Quiz at Mastering Astronomy.
3. Uranus, not shown on the graph, orbits about 19 AU from the Sun. Based on the graph, its approximate orbital speed is between about _______.
a. 20 and 25 km/s
b. l5 and 20 km/s
c. 10 and l5 km/s
d. 5 and 10 km/s
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Chapter 3 Solutions
The Essential Cosmic Perspective (7th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - In what way is scientific thinking natural to all...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 3 - What is a lunar calendar? How can it be kept...
Ch. 3 - What do we mean by a model in science? Briefly...Ch. 3 - What do we mean by the Ptolemaic model? How did...Ch. 3 - What was the Copernican revolution, and how did it...Ch. 3 - What is an ellipse? Define its foci, semimajor...Ch. 3 - State and explain the meaning of each of Kepler’s...Ch. 3 - Describe the three hallmarks of science and...Ch. 3 - What is the difference between a hypothesis and a...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 3 - Earth’s Shape. It took thousands of years for...Ch. 3 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 36EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 3 - Halley Orbit. Halley’s comet orbits the Sun every...Ch. 3 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 3 - 41. The Importance of Ancient Astronomy. Why was...Ch. 3 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 3 - The Galileo Affair. In recent years. the Roman...Ch. 3 - Prob. 45EAP
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- One way to recognize a distant planet is by its motion along its orbit. If Uranus circles the Sun in 84 years, how many arc seconds will it move in 24 hours? (For the purposes of this problem, ignore the motion of Earth.)arrow_forwardExoplanets in eccentric orbits experience large temperature swings during their orbits. Suppose you had to plan for a mission to such a planet. Based on Kepler’s second law, does the planet spend more time closer or farther from the star? Explain.arrow_forwardIf you visited another planetary system, would you be surprised to find planets older than Earth? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- You are packing for a vacation on a planet orbiting another star that is much like the Sun. Why might you want some information about the planets orbit size and axis tilt to know what to pack?arrow_forwardIn the Star Wars movie Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi, a key battle takes place on the inhabited “forest moon” Endor, which supposedly orbits around a gas giant planet. From what you have learned about planets and moons of the solar system, why would this be an unusual situation?arrow_forwardIf you could visit another planetary system while the planets are forming, would you expect to see the condensation sequence at work, or do you think that process was most likely unique to our Solar System? How do the properties of the extrasolar planets discovered so far affect your answer?arrow_forward
- What does the term differentiated mean when applied to a planet? Would you expect to find that planets are usually differentiated? Why?arrow_forwardLet's use Kepler's laws for the inner planets. Use the following distances from the sun to calculate the orbital period for each of these planets. Express your answer in terms of Earth years to two significant figures. Answer for the highlighted planet in each question. Note: Use Kepler's law directly. Don't just Google the answers, as they will be a little bit different. When you have calculated them, only submit the value for Earth. Planet Distance from the sun Period of orbit around the sun Earth 150 million km ___ Earth years Mercury 58 million km ___ Earth years Venus 108 million km ___ Earth years Mars 228 million km ___ Earth yearsarrow_forwardIn the solar system, there are many small pieces of rocks (i.e., asteroids) floating around that we canactually detect and whose orbits we can track. We’ll learn more about these later, but for now let’stake a look at the orbits of the asteroids. You’ll want to keep 3-4 significant digits throughout this problemand report all periods in years.(a) Imagine here is a gap in semi-major axis near a hypothetical 2.502 AU. What would the orbital period be of asteroids at this location?(b) The explanation for the missing asteroids has to do with gravitational interactions from themassive planet Jupiter located at 5.204 AU. Calculate is the orbital period of Jupiter in years? This is ungraded problem that uses Kepler's 3rd law.arrow_forward
- Using Appendix G, complete the following table that describes the characteristics of the Galilean moons of Jupiter, starting from Jupiter and moving outward in distance. Table A This system has often been described as a mini solar system. Why might this be so? If Jupiter were to represent the Sun and the Galilean moons represented planets, which moons could be considered more terrestrial in nature and which ones more like gas/ice giants? Why? (Hint: Use the values in your table to help explain your categorization.)arrow_forwardIf the solar nebula hypothesis is correct, do you think there e more planets in the Universe than stars? Why or why not?arrow_forwardNext you will (1) convert your measurement of the semi-major axis from arcseconds to AU, (2) convert your measurement of the period from days to years, and (3) calculate the mass of the planet using Newton's form of Kepler's Third Law. Use Stellarium to find the distance to the planet when Skynet took any of your images, in AU. Answer: 4.322 AU Use this equation to determine a conversion factor from 1 arcsecond to AU at the planet's distance. You will need to convert ? = 1 arcsecond to degrees first. Answer: 2.096e-5 AU (2 x 3.14 x 4.322 x (.000278/360) = 2.096e-5) Next, use this number to convert your measurement of the moon's orbital semi-major axis from arcseconds to AU. A) Calculate a in AU. B) Convert your measurement of the moon's orbital period from days to years. C) By Newton's form of Kepler's third law, calculate the mass of the planet. D) Finally, convert the planet's mass to Earth masses: 1 solar mass = 333,000 Earth masses.arrow_forward
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