Concept explainers
How much of the excess reactant remains when the reaction is complete?
(a)
14.37g
(b)
235.0 g
(c)
78.56 g
(d)
83.96 g
(e)
41.98 g
Interpretation:
The amount of the reactant
Concept introduction:
Limiting reagent is the reagent that limits the amount of product during the reaction. Actually, it determines the product, as it is present in a lesser amount than required. Other reagents will remain present in excess.
Excess reactant is the reactant which is present in larger amount than required.
The concept of determining the amount of the reactant remaining at the end of a chemical reaction is based on the observations that are as follows:
1. Calculating the amount of reactant used in the reaction by comparing the ratio of the given reactants.
2. Subtracting the amount of reactant used from the total amount of reactantstaken for the reaction.
3. Converting the moles into mass.
Moles can be calculated as
The mass of a compound can be calculated as
The molar mass can be calculated by:
Example:
Answer to Problem 4KSP
Solution: Option (a).
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct option:
Mass of calcium phosphide,
The balanced equation is as follows:
Then, from the above equation, the molar mass of the reactants
With the help of the above equations, the moles of
The moles of
By comparingboth the reactants
The comparison of the ratio between
Therefore, the total amount of
Therefore, the remaining reactant iscalculatedas
Converting moles to mass as follows:
Thus,
Hence, option (a) is correct.
Reason for incorrect options:
Option (b) is incorrect because the conversion of Fahrenheit into degree Celsius is correct, but the conversion of Celsius into Kelvin is wrong.
Option (c) is incorrect because, on solving with the help of theabove equations, the answer does not match option (b).
Option (d) is incorrect because, on solving with the help of the above equations, the answer does not match option (d).
Option (e) is incorrect because, on solving with the help of the above equations, the answer does not match option (e).
Hence, options(b), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
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