HEAT & MASS TRANSFER ACCESS CODE
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781264130030
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 3, Problem 73P
A 12-m-long and 5-m-high wall is constructed of two layers of 1 -cm-thick sheetrock
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A 4-m-high and 6-m-wide wall consists of a long18-cm * 30-cm cross section of horizontal bricks (k =0.72 W/m·K) separated by 3-cm-thick plaster layers (k =0.22 W/m·K). There are also 2-cm-thick plaster layers on eachside of the wall, and a 2-cm-thick rigid foam (k = 0.026 W/m·K)on the inner side of the wall. The indoor and the outdoor temperaturesare 22°C and 24°C, and the convection heat transfercoefficients on the inner and the outer sides are h1 = 10 W/m2·Kand h2 = 20 W/m2·K, respectively. Assuming one-dimensionalheat transfer and disregarding radiation, determine the rate ofheat transfer through the wall.
A 12-m-long and 5-m-high wall is constructed of two layers of 1-cm-thick sheetrock (k = 0.17 W/m·K) spaced 16 cm by wood studs (k = 0.11 W/m·K) whose cross section is 16 cm * 5 cm. The studs are placed vertically 60 cm apart, and the space between them is filled with fiberglass insulation (k = 0.034 W/m·K). The house is maintained at 20°C and the ambient temperature outside is 29°C. Taking the heat transfer coefficients at the inner and outer surfaces of the house to be 8.3 and 34 W/m2·K, respectively, determine (a) the thermal resistance of the wall considering a representative section of it and (b) the rate of heat transfer through the wall.
Clothing made of several thin layers of fabric with trapped air in between, often called ski clothing, is commonly used in cold climates because it is light, fashionable, and a very effective thermal insulator. So it is no surprise that such clothing has largely replaced thick and heavy old-fashioned coats. Consider a jacket made of five layers of 0.1-mm-thick synthetic fabric (k = 0.13 W/m·K) with 1.5-mm-thick air space (k = 0.026 W/m·K) between the layers. Assuming the inner surface temperature of the jacket to be 28°C and the surface area to be 1.25 m2, determine the rate of heat loss through the jacket when the temperature of the outdoors is 0°C and the heat transfer coefficient at the outer surface is 25 W/m2·K. What would your response be if the jacket is made of a single layer of 0.5-mm-thick synthetic fabric? What should be the thickness of a wool fabric (k = 0.035 W/m·K) if the person is to achieve the same level of thermal comfort wearing a thick wool coat instead of a…
Chapter 3 Solutions
HEAT & MASS TRANSFER ACCESS CODE
Ch. 3 - Consider heat conduction through a wall of...Ch. 3 - Consider heat conduction through a plane wall....Ch. 3 - What does the thermal resistance of a medium...Ch. 3 - Can we defme the convection resistance for a unit...Ch. 3 - Consider steady heat transfer through the wall of...Ch. 3 - How is the combined heat transfer coefficient...Ch. 3 - Why are the convection and the radiation...Ch. 3 - Consider steady one-dimensional heat transfer...Ch. 3 - Someone comments that a microwave oven can be...Ch. 3 - Consider two cold canned drinks, one wrapped in a...
Ch. 3 - The bottom of a pan is made of a 4-mm-thick...Ch. 3 - Consider a surface of area A at which the...Ch. 3 - How does the thermal resistance network associated...Ch. 3 - Consider steady one-dimensional heat transfer...Ch. 3 - Consider a window glass consisting of two...Ch. 3 - Prob. 16PCh. 3 - Consider a person standing in a room at 20C with...Ch. 3 - Consider an electrically heated brick house...Ch. 3 - A12-cm18-cm circuit board houses on its surface...Ch. 3 - Water is boiling in a 25-cm-diameter aluminum pan...Ch. 3 - A cylindrical resistor element on a circuit board...Ch. 3 - Prob. 22PCh. 3 - A1.0m1.5m double-pane window consists of two...Ch. 3 - Prob. 24PCh. 3 - Prob. 25PCh. 3 - Prob. 26PCh. 3 - Prob. 27PCh. 3 - Prob. 28EPCh. 3 - To defog the rear window of an automobile, a very...Ch. 3 - A transparent film is to be bonded onto the top...Ch. 3 - To defrost ice accumulated on the outer surface of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 32PCh. 3 - Prob. 33PCh. 3 - Prob. 34PCh. 3 - Prob. 35PCh. 3 - Heat is to be conducted along a circuit board that...Ch. 3 - Prob. 37EPCh. 3 - Consider a house that has a 10m20-m base and a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 39EPCh. 3 - Prob. 40PCh. 3 - Prob. 41PCh. 3 - Prob. 42PCh. 3 - Prob. 43PCh. 3 - What is thermal contact resistance? How is it...Ch. 3 - Will the thermal contact resistance be greater for...Ch. 3 - Explain how the thermal contact resistance can be...Ch. 3 - A waII consists of two layers of insulation...Ch. 3 - Prob. 48CPCh. 3 - Consider two surfaces pressed against each other....Ch. 3 - Prob. 50PCh. 3 - Two 5-cm-diameter, 15-cm-long aluminum bars...Ch. 3 - Prob. 52PCh. 3 - Two identical aluminum plates with thickness of 30...Ch. 3 - A tvolayer wall is made of two metal plates, with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 55PCh. 3 - An aluminum plate and a stainless steel plate are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 57PCh. 3 - Prob. 58PCh. 3 - Prob. 59PCh. 3 - Prob. 60PCh. 3 - Prob. 61PCh. 3 - What are the two approaches used in the...Ch. 3 - The thermal resistance networks can also be used...Ch. 3 - When plotting the thermal resistance network...Ch. 3 - A 10-cm-thick vall is to be constructed with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 66EPCh. 3 - Prob. 67PCh. 3 - Prob. 68PCh. 3 - Prob. 69PCh. 3 - Prob. 70PCh. 3 - Prob. 71PCh. 3 - Prob. 72PCh. 3 - A 12-m-long and 5-m-high wall is constructed of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 74EPCh. 3 - Prob. 75PCh. 3 - Prob. 76PCh. 3 - Prob. 77PCh. 3 - What is an infinitely long cylinder? When is it...Ch. 3 - Can the thermal resistance concept be used for a...Ch. 3 - Consider a short cylinder whose top and bottom...Ch. 3 - Prob. 81PCh. 3 - Prob. 82PCh. 3 - Prob. 83PCh. 3 - Superheated steam at an average temperature 20C is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 85PCh. 3 - Prob. 86PCh. 3 - Prob. 87EPCh. 3 - Prob. 88EPCh. 3 - Prob. 89EPCh. 3 - Prob. 90PCh. 3 - Prob. 91PCh. 3 - Prob. 92PCh. 3 - Prob. 93EPCh. 3 - Prob. 94PCh. 3 - Prob. 95PCh. 3 - Prob. 96PCh. 3 - Liquid hydrogen is flowing through an insulated...Ch. 3 - Exposure to high concentrations of gaseous ammonia...Ch. 3 - A mixture of chemicals is flowing in a pipe...Ch. 3 - Ice slurry is being transported in a pipe...Ch. 3 - Prob. 101PCh. 3 - Prob. 102PCh. 3 - Prob. 103PCh. 3 - What is the critical radius of insulation? How is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 105CPCh. 3 - Prob. 106CPCh. 3 - Prob. 107CPCh. 3 - A pipe is insulated such that the outer radius of...Ch. 3 - A 0.083-in-diameter electrical wire at 90F is...Ch. 3 - Repeat Prob. 3-109E, assuming a thermal contact...Ch. 3 - Prob. 111PCh. 3 - Prob. 112PCh. 3 - Hot air is to be cooled as it is forced to flow...Ch. 3 - Prob. 114CPCh. 3 - Prob. 115CPCh. 3 - The fins attached to a surface are determined to...Ch. 3 - Explain how the fins enhance heat transfer from a...Ch. 3 - How does the overall effectiveness of a finned...Ch. 3 - Hot water is to be cooled as it flows through the...Ch. 3 - Consider two finned surfaces that are identical...Ch. 3 - The heat transfer surface area of a fin is equal...Ch. 3 - Does the (a) efficiency and (b) effectiveness of a...Ch. 3 - Two pin fins are identical, except that the...Ch. 3 - Two plate fins of constant rectangular cross...Ch. 3 - Two finned surfaces are identical, except that the...Ch. 3 - Obtain a relation for the fin efficiency for a fin...Ch. 3 - Prob. 127PCh. 3 - Consider a very long rectangular fin attached to a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 129PCh. 3 - Prob. 130PCh. 3 - Prob. 131PCh. 3 - Prob. 132PCh. 3 - Prob. 133EPCh. 3 - Prob. 134EPCh. 3 - Prob. 135PCh. 3 - Prob. 136PCh. 3 - Prob. 137PCh. 3 - Prob. 138PCh. 3 - Prob. 139PCh. 3 - Prob. 140PCh. 3 - Prob. 141PCh. 3 - Prob. 142PCh. 3 - Prob. 143PCh. 3 - Prob. 144PCh. 3 - Prob. 145PCh. 3 - Prob. 146PCh. 3 - The human body is adaptable to extreme climatic...Ch. 3 - Consider the conditions of Example 3-14 in the...Ch. 3 - Consider the conditions of Example 3-14 in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 150PCh. 3 - What is a conduction shape factor? How is it...Ch. 3 - What is the value of conduction shape factors in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 153PCh. 3 - A thin-walled cylindrical container is placed...Ch. 3 - Prob. 155PCh. 3 - Prob. 156PCh. 3 - Prob. 157PCh. 3 - Prob. 158EPCh. 3 - Prob. 159PCh. 3 - Prob. 160PCh. 3 - Prob. 161PCh. 3 - Prob. 162PCh. 3 - Prob. 163PCh. 3 - Prob. 164PCh. 3 - Consider a house with a flat roof whose outer...Ch. 3 - Prob. 166PCh. 3 - Radioactive material, stored in a spherical vessel...Ch. 3 - What is the R-value of a wall? How does it differ...Ch. 3 - What is effective emissivity for a plane-parallel...Ch. 3 - Prob. 170CPCh. 3 - What is a radiant barrier? What kinds of materials...Ch. 3 - Consider a house whose attic space is ventilated...Ch. 3 - Prob. 173PCh. 3 - Prob. 174PCh. 3 - Prob. 175PCh. 3 - Prob. 176PCh. 3 - Prob. 177PCh. 3 - Prob. 178PCh. 3 - Determine the winter R-value and the U-factor of a...Ch. 3 - The overall heat transfer coefficient (the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 181EPCh. 3 - Determine the summer and winter R-values. in m2 ....Ch. 3 - The overall heat transfer coefficient of a wall is...Ch. 3 - Two homes are identical, except that the walls of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 185PCh. 3 - Consider two identical people each generating 60 V...Ch. 3 - Cold conditioned air at 12C is flowing inside a...Ch. 3 - Hot water is flowing at an average velocity of 1.5...Ch. 3 - Prob. 189PCh. 3 - Prob. 190PCh. 3 - Prob. 191PCh. 3 - Prob. 192PCh. 3 - Prob. 193PCh. 3 - Prob. 194PCh. 3 - Prob. 195PCh. 3 - Prob. 196PCh. 3 - Prob. 197PCh. 3 - A total of 10 rectangular aluminum fins...Ch. 3 - Prob. 199PCh. 3 - A plane wall surface at 200C is to be cooled with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 201PCh. 3 - Prob. 202PCh. 3 - Prob. 203PCh. 3 - Prob. 204PCh. 3 - A 0.6-rn-diameter, 1.9-rn-long cylindrical tank...Ch. 3 - Prob. 206PCh. 3 - Prob. 207PCh. 3 - A thin-walled spherical tank is buried in the...Ch. 3 - Heat is lost at a rate of 275 W per m2 area of a 1...Ch. 3 - Prob. 210PCh. 3 - Heat is generated steadily in a 3-cm-diameter...Ch. 3 - Prob. 212PCh. 3 - Prob. 213PCh. 3 - Prob. 214PCh. 3 - Prob. 215PCh. 3 - Prob. 216PCh. 3 - Consider two walls. A and B, with the same surface...Ch. 3 - Prob. 218PCh. 3 - A room at 20C air temperature is losing heat to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 220PCh. 3 - A 1-cm-diameter, 30cm-long fin made of aluminum...Ch. 3 - A hot surface at 80C in air at 20C is to be cooled...Ch. 3 - A cylindrical pin fin of diameter 0.6 cm and...Ch. 3 - A 3-cm-long. 2-nuti x 2-mm rectangular...Ch. 3 - Two finned surfaces with long fins are identical,...Ch. 3 - A 20-cm-diameter hot sphere at 120C is buried in...Ch. 3 - A 25-cm-diameter, 2.4-rn-long vertical cylinder...Ch. 3 - Prob. 228PCh. 3 - The walls of a food storage facility are made of a...Ch. 3 - The equivalent thermal resistance for the thermal...Ch. 3 - Prob. 231PCh. 3 - Prob. 232PCh. 3 - Prob. 233PCh. 3 - The fin efficiency is defined as the ratio of the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 235PCh. 3 - In the United States, building insulation is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 237PCh. 3 - A plane brick wall (k=0.7W/m.K) and is 10 cm...Ch. 3 - The temperature in deep space is close to absolute...Ch. 3 - In the design of electronic components, it is...Ch. 3 - Using cylindrical samples of the same material,...Ch. 3 - Find out about the wall construction of the cabins...Ch. 3 - Prob. 243PCh. 3 - A house with 200-m2 floor space is to be heated...
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- A 2-m x 1.8-m section of wall of an industrial furnace burning natural gas is not insulated, and the temperature at the outer surface of this section is measured to be 80°C. The temperature of the furnace room is 30°C, and the combined convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient at the surface of the outer furnace is 10 W/m² • °C. It is proposed to insulate this section of the furnace wall with expanded perlite insulation (k = 0.052 W/m • °C) in order to reduce the heat loss by 90%. Assuming the outer surface temperature of the metal section still remains at about 80°C, determine the thickness of the insulation that needs to be used. ANSWER:_______cmarrow_forwardA 4-m-high and 6-m-wide wall consists of a long 18-cm x 30-cm cross section of horizontal bricks (k = 0.72 W/mK) separated by 3-cm-thick plaster layers (k=0.22 W/mK). There are also 2-cm-thick plaster layers on each side of the wall, and a 2-cm-thick rigid foam (k=0.026 W/mK) on the inner side of the wall. The indoor and outdoor temperatures are 22°C and -4°C, and the convection heat transfer coefficients on the inner and the outer sides are h1= 10 W/m2K and h2= 20 W/m2K, respectively.Assuming one-dimensional heat transfer and disregarding radiation, determine the rate of heat transfer through the wall.arrow_forwardTwo pin fins are identical, except that the diameter of one of them is twice the diameter of the other. For which fin is the (a) fin effectiveness and (b) fin efficiency higher? Explain.arrow_forward
- A horizontal pipe having a surface temperature of 67 °C and diameter of 25 cm is buried at a depth of 1.2 m in the earth at a location where k = 1.8 W/m-°C. The earth surface temperature is 15 °C. Calculate the shape factor if the pipe length is 10 m.arrow_forwardA 2-m × 1.8-m section of wall of an industrial furnace burning natural gas is not insulated, and the temperature at the outer surface of this section is measured to be 80°C. The temperature of the furnace room is 30°C, and the combined convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient at the surface of the outer furnace is 10 W/m2·C. It is proposed to insulate this section of the furnace wall with perlite insulation (k = 0.052 W/m·C) in order to reduce the heat loss by 90 percent, Assuming the outer surface temperature of the metal section still remains at about 80°C, determine the thickness of the insulation that needs to be used.arrow_forwardA 2 m X 1.5 m section of wall of an industrial furnace burning gas is not insulated, and the temperature at the outer surface of this section is measured to be 80oC. The temperature of the furnace room is 30oC, and the combined convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient at the surface of the outer furnace is 10 w/oC. It is proposed to insulate this section of the furnace wall with glass wool insulation (K=0.038 W/moC) in order to reduce the heat loss by 90 percent. Assuming the outer surface temperature of the section remains at about 80oC, determine i) the thickness of the insulation that is needed and ii) the outer surface temperature of the insulation after installation.arrow_forward
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- There are 3 windows in a room with a width of 100 cm and a height of 150 cm.There is a single glass (k=0. 9 W/mK) of 5 mm thickness in the windows initially. Instead of these glasses to save heatYou are considering replacing it with double glazing consisting of 5 mm glass and 12 mm air (k=0.022 W/mK). Indoor and outdoor environmenttemperatures are 20 0C and -10 0C, respectively, and the heat transfer coefficients are 7 W/m2 K and 25 W/m2 K. The total heat loss in the room is 3.5 kW.when switching to double glazing;a) Find the decrease in heat transfer. b) Considering that the heat given by the heaters remains 3.5 kW, what would the room temperature be?arrow_forwardA hot surface at 100°C is to be cooled by attaching 3-cm-long, 0.25-cm-diameter aluminum pin fins (k = 237 W/m·K) to it, with a center-to-center distance of 0.6 cm. The temperature of the surrounding medium is 30°C, and the heat transfer coefficient on the surfaces is 35 W/m2 ·K. Determine the rate of heat transfer from the surface for a 1-m x 1-m section of the plate. Also determine the overall effectiveness of the fins.arrow_forwardA 10-in-thick, 26-ft-long, and 10-ft-high wall is to be constructed using 9-in-long solid bricks (k = 0.40 Btu/h⋅ft⋅°F) of cross section 7 in × 7 in, or identical-size bricks with nine square air holes (k = 0.015 Btu/h⋅ft⋅°F) that are 9 in long and have a cross section of 1.5 in × 1.5 in. There is a 0.5-in-thick plaster layer (k = 0.10 Btu/h⋅ft⋅°F) between two adjacent bricks on all four sides and on both sides of the wall. The house is maintained at 80°F and the ambient temperature outside is 35°F. Take the heat transfer coefficients at the inner and outer surfaces of the wall to be 1.5 and 6 Btu/h⋅ft2⋅°F, respectively.arrow_forward
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