Principles of Macroeconomics
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780073518992
Author: Robert H. Frank, Ben Bernanke Professor, Kate Antonovics, Ori Heffetz
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 9P
To determine
Impact of mad cow disease and new breed chicken on
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How is the price of gasoline determined in a competitive market? What predictions can you make about the movement of price and quantity in the U.S.?
To answer this question, you should use $2.00 per gallon as the current equilibrium price and you should assume that producers and consumers in this market are both somewhat price inelastic (though not perfectly inelastic). For the prediction, consider the impact of a hypothetical hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico that negatively impacts oil refineries and crude oil rigs.
Use mathematical equations and graphs.
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Recently, the spot market price of U.S. hot rolled steel plummeted to $400 per ton. Just one year ago, this same ton of steel cost $700. According to Metals Monitor, the drop in price was due to falling oil prices, along with a rise in cheap imports and excess capacity. These dramatic market changes have greatly impacted the supply of raw steel. Suppose that last year the supply for raw steel was QSraw = 600 + 4P, but this year it has shifted to QSraw= 4,200 + 4P. Assuming the market for raw steel is competitive and that the current worldwide demand for steel isQdraw = 9,000 – 8P, compute the equilibrium price and quantity for the steel market one year ago, and the equilibrium price–quantity combination for the current steel mar ket. Suppose the cost function of a representative steel producer is C(Q) = 1,200 + 15Q2. Compare the change in the quantity of raw steel exchanged at the market level with the change in raw steel produced by a representative firm. How do you explain this…
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Principles of Macroeconomics
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- Earlier this year, 2021, the price of chicken meat rose unexpectedly reached to 250/ kilo at peak from the previous price of 170/ kilo. This 68% increase of price per kilo was primarily caused by excess demand for chicken meat. This is the result of the decrease in consumption for pork meat due to the threat of African Swine Flu (ASF). However, even though consumer shifted preferences, the increase in the price of chicken was perceived to be too high for the budget of consumers. Therefore, sellers realized decrease in their daily aggregate sales from 1,000 kilos to 700 kilos. Illustrate the change in the market equilibrium through a graph. What presumably happened to the total revenues of the sellers during the = price hike period? Compute the price elasticity of demand. Derive the total revenue before the hike (TR1), and after the hike (TR2).arrow_forwardEarlier this year, 2021, the price of chicken meat rose unexpectedly reached to 250/ kilo at peak from the previous price of 170/ kilo. This 68% increase of price per kilo was primarily caused by excess demand for chicken meat. This is the result of the decrease in consumption for pork meat due to the threat of African Swine Flu (ASF). However, even though consumer shifted preferences, the increase in the price of chicken was perceived to be too high for the budget of consumers. Therefore, sellers realized decrease in their daily aggregate sales from 1,000 kilos to 700 kilos. 1. Illustrate the change in the market equilibrium through a graph. 2. What presumably happened to the total revenues of the sellers during the price hike period? a.) Compute the price elasticity of demand b.) Derive the total revenue before the hike (TR1), and after the hike (TR2).arrow_forwardLast year, 1000 gallons of almond milk (a non-dairy product) were sold at a price of $10. Yet, this year, a bad harvest in California has wiped out a significant part of the almond harvest. At the same time, a larger number of people are looking to shift away from dairy products towards non- dairy alternatives. Because of these two changes, the equilibrium price will increase and change in the equilibrium quantity is unambiguous. the equilibrium price will decrease but change in the equilibrium quantity is ambiguous. the change in the equilibrium price is ambiguous, but the equilibrium quantity will increase. O the equilibrium price will increase but change in the equilibrium quantity is ambiguous.arrow_forward
- The equilibrium price in the market for jet skis is $5,500. In the Candlewood Lake area, there are two jet ski sellers, Junior's Jet Skis and Miller Water Sports. Junior's Jet Skis would be willing to sell a jet ski for $4,500. Miller Water Sports would be willing to sell a jet ski for $5,250. On Saturday, Junior's Jet Skis sells 1 jet ski and Miller Sports sells 2 jet skis. What is the total producer surplus for the two sellers on Saturday? Group of answer choices $750 $250 $500 $1,500 $1,250arrow_forwardConsider the demand for pomegranates in two different countries. In Country A, pomegranates are a critical part of the diet and are central to preparation of many recipes. For most of these recipes, there is no feasible substitute for pomegranates. In Country B, households will purchase pomegranates if the price is right, but consumers do not consider them to be particularly special or unique, and few dishes use pomegranates. Suppose pomegranates are native to both countries and due to limited shipping options are not traded. Also suppose that droughts and other weather-related shocks periodically cause unexpected changes in supply conditions. Use the information above sketch a model of how the market for pomegranates in Country A and in Country B would respond to the supply volatility in each country. Then, use your findings to plot the price of pomegranates across time in Country A and Country B. Explain which country will see more volatile prices and why.arrow_forwardYou are an advisor to the mayor of Iola, a lovely little town with a big problem. Everyone in town drives gas-guzzling Duramax 4x4 pickup trucks (duallies with lift kits, naturally) and when the price of gasoline rose last year consumers really felt the pain. But now that gasoline supply is back to normal, the mayor should be happy that the citizens are able to resume their truck driving habits. The current daily market for gasoline in Iola is described by the following equations: Demand: P = 4 – Q Marginal Private Cost: P = 1 + .5 Q Where P is in dollars per gallon and Q is in 1000s of gallons of gasoline per day. Surprisingly, the mayor isn’t completely happy with the new price of gasoline. “When we were paying $4.50 a gallon, there was less congestion, less noise, and you could actually ride a bike without getting run off the road by a giant truck,” complains the mayor. “And besides, the air was cleaner.” 3. What economic concept explains the mayor’s unhappiness? 4.…arrow_forward
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