College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 30, Problem 14P
(a)
To determine
The energy released in Joules in proton-proton cycle fusion reaction.
(b)
To determine
The number of proton-proton cycles occurring per second in the Sun.
(c)
To determine
The change in the Sun’s mass each second.
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When gasoline is burned, it releases 1.3 x 108 J of energy per gallon (3.788 L). Given that the density of gasoline is 737 kg/m3 , express the quantity of energy released in J/g of fuel. (b) During fission, when a neutron is absorbed by a 235 U nucleus, about 200 MeV of energy is released for each nucleus that undergoes fission. Express this quantity in J/g of fuel. (c) In the proton-proton chain that takes place in stars like our sun, the overall fusion reaction can be summarized as six protons fusing to form one 4 He nucleus with two leftover protons and the liberation of 26.7 MeV of energy. The fuel is the six protons. Express the energy produced here in units of J/g of fuel. Notice the huge difference between the two forms of nuclear energy, on the one hand, and the chemical energy from gasoline, on the other. (d) Our sun produces energy at a measured rate of 3.86 x 1026 W. If its mass of 1.99 x 1030 kg were all gasoline, how long could it last before consuming all its fuel?
In a fission process in which 235U235U is struck by a neutron and undergoes fission to produce144Ba, 89Kr, and three neutrons. The measured masses of these isotopes are 235.043930 u (235U), 143.922953 u (144Ba), 88.917630 u (89Kr), and 1.0086649 u (neutron).
A) Calculate the energy (in MeV) released by each fission reaction.
Express your answer in megaelectronvolts.
B) Calculate the energy released per gram of 235U, in MeV/g.
Express your answer in megaelectronvolts per gram.
The fusion reaction releases 3.27 MeV of energy. If a fusion reactor operates strictly on the basis of this reaction, (a) how much energy could it produce by completely reacting 1 kg of deuterium? (b) At eight cents a kilowatt-hour, how much would the produced energy be worth? (c) Heavy water (D2O) costs about $300 per kilogram. Neglecting the cost of separating the deuterium from the oxygen via electrolysis, how much does 1 kg of deuterium cost, if derived from D2O? (d) Would it be cost-effective to use deuterium as a source of energy? Discuss, assuming the cost of energy production is nine-tenths the value of energy produced
Chapter 30 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 30.6 - Prob. 30.1QQCh. 30.6 - Prob. 30.2QQCh. 30 - Prob. 1CQCh. 30 - Prob. 2CQCh. 30 - Prob. 3CQCh. 30 - Prob. 4CQCh. 30 - Prob. 5CQCh. 30 - Prob. 6CQCh. 30 - Prob. 7CQCh. 30 - Prob. 8CQ
Ch. 30 - Prob. 9CQCh. 30 - Prob. 10CQCh. 30 - Prob. 11CQCh. 30 - Prob. 12CQCh. 30 - Prob. 1PCh. 30 - Prob. 2PCh. 30 - Prob. 3PCh. 30 - Prob. 4PCh. 30 - Prob. 5PCh. 30 - Prob. 6PCh. 30 - Prob. 7PCh. 30 - Prob. 8PCh. 30 - Prob. 9PCh. 30 - Prob. 10PCh. 30 - Prob. 11PCh. 30 - Prob. 12PCh. 30 - Prob. 13PCh. 30 - Prob. 14PCh. 30 - Prob. 15PCh. 30 - Find the energy released in the fusion reaction...Ch. 30 - Find the energy released in the fusion reaction...Ch. 30 - Prob. 18PCh. 30 - Prob. 19PCh. 30 - Prob. 20PCh. 30 - Prob. 21PCh. 30 - Prob. 22PCh. 30 - Prob. 23PCh. 30 - Prob. 24PCh. 30 - Prob. 25PCh. 30 - Prob. 26PCh. 30 - Prob. 27PCh. 30 - Prob. 28PCh. 30 - Prob. 29PCh. 30 - Prob. 30PCh. 30 - Prob. 31PCh. 30 - Prob. 32PCh. 30 - Prob. 33PCh. 30 - Prob. 34PCh. 30 - Prob. 35PCh. 30 - Prob. 36PCh. 30 - Prob. 37APCh. 30 - Prob. 38APCh. 30 - Prob. 39APCh. 30 - Prob. 40APCh. 30 - Prob. 41APCh. 30 - Prob. 42APCh. 30 - Prob. 43APCh. 30 - Prob. 44APCh. 30 - Prob. 45APCh. 30 - Prob. 46APCh. 30 - Prob. 47APCh. 30 - Prob. 48APCh. 30 - Prob. 49APCh. 30 - Prob. 50AP
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- (a) Calculate the energy released in the neutron- Induced fission reaction n+235U92Kr+142Ba+2n , given m(92Kr) = 91.926269 u and m(142Ba)= 141.916361 u. (b) Confirm that the total number of nucleons and total charge are conserved in this reaction.arrow_forwardThe electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical. (a) What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? (b) How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? (c) What mass of 235U is fissioned in one year of fullpower operation?arrow_forward(a) How much energy would be released if the proton did decay 1uria the conjectured reaction (b) Given that the decays to two (s and that the will find an electron to annihilate, what total energy is ultimately produced in proton decay? (c) Why is this energy greater than the proton's total mass (converted to energy)?arrow_forward
- (a) How many 239Pu nuclei must fission to produce a 20.0kT yield, assuming 200 MeV per fission? (b) What is the mass of this much 239Pu?arrow_forward(a) A cancer patient is exposed to rays from a 5000Ci 60Co transillumination unit for 32.0 s. The rays are collimated in such a manner that only 1.00% of them strike the patient. Of those, 20.0% are absorbed in a tumor having a mass of 1.50 kg. What is the dose in rem to the tumor, it the average energy per decay is 1.25 MeV? None of the s from the decay reach the patient. (b) Is the dose consistent with stated therapeutic doses?arrow_forward(a) Find the total energy released in MeV in each carbon cycle (elaborated in the above problem) including the annihilation energy. (b) How does this compare with the protonproton cycle output?arrow_forward
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